Inter-minority racism ?: territorial minorities and new immigrants in France and in Spain

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This research aimed to analyze the role of nationalism in the establishment of interethnic relations in the so-called minority regions of Brittany and Alsace in France and Catalonia in Spain. Previous case studies examining the history of racism in such regions as Catalonia, the Basque Country, and Galicia have suggested that the populations of minority regions with nationalist sentiments are more likely to develop strong feelings of hostility toward immigrants than the populations of other regions. Nonetheless, our findings indicate that a sense of belonging among residents of a minority region does not foster hostility against out-groups; they also indicate that conditions for the development of regionalist radical right populism are provided by a discursive opportunity structure that reflects the societal context of the entire state (in this instance, France and Spain) and that differs from one region to another.