Mechanism of degradation of paralytic shellfish toxin by polyphenols

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Polyphenols (PPs) such as gallic acid and its derivatives in wine and tea were revealed to decompose 11-reduced paralytic shellfish toxins (PST). It was reported that incubation of PST with strong oxidants in such as hydro peroxide in basic solution gives fluorescent purines. A same purine derivative was found in the reaction mixture of PPs and PST after mild incubation in neutral aquatic solution. Addition of PPs to neutral phosphate buffer reduced oxidation-reduction potential of the solution, and enhanced the oxidation-degradation of PST. These findings indicate that oxidized PPs react with PST, or PPs act as effective catalysts to oxidize PST by dissolved oxygen.