Role of RAGE in peri-operative lung injury

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The expression of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) was examined in the excised human lungs. The expression of type 1 alveolar cells and alveolar macrophage increased in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The expression was correlated negatively with forced expiratory volume in one second. RAGE expression was not associated with smoking index. In lung cancer, RAGE was highly expressed in both small cell lung cancer and adenocarcinoma. Less differentiated adenocarcinoma expressed RAGE more frequently than well differentiated adenocarcinoma. The enhanced expression of RAGE was present in non-mucinous adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinoma in the advanced stages tended to show a higher expression score for RAGE. The expression of RAGE inversely correlated with that of AGEs, although it did not show any relationship with the expression of HMGB-1 or S100A4. In rat lung, PPAR-gamma impaired alveolar fluid clearance probably through amiloride-sensitive sodium channel.