Promotion of bone formation using chondroitin sulfate E and application to bone regenerating biomaterials

硫酸软骨素E促进成骨细胞分化并抑制破骨细胞分化。作为一种作用机制，已证明CS-E与粘附分子如骨激活素（OA）及其受体整联蛋白结合。CS-E通过阻断OA与整合素和硫酸乙酰肝素的相互作用抑制破骨细胞的分化。成骨细胞产生双糖链核心蛋白和CS的E单位。这些分子的量在成骨细胞分化（矿化）之前短暂增加。这些结果表明，不仅外源性CS-E，而且内源性CS有助于细胞的分化。基于目前的研究结果，我们将进一步研究CS-E作为骨再生生物材料的应用潜力。

Chondroitin sulfate E enhances osteoblast differentiation and inhibits osteoclast differentiation. As a mechanism of action, it was demonstrated that CS-E bound to adhesion molecules such as both osteoactivin (OA) and its receptor, integrin. And also CS-E inhibited the osteoclast differentiation by blocking the interaction of OA to integrin and heparan sulfate. On the other hands, osteoblast produced biglycan core protein and E-unit of CS. The amount of these molecules transiently increased before osteoblast differentiation (mineralization). These results indicated that not only the exogenously-added CS-E but also endogenous CS contributed the differentiation of the cells. Based on the results in the present study, we will further investigate the potentiality of CS-E as an application to bone regenerating biomaterials.