Genotoxic effects in dentists in Japan.

牙医使用各种材料，特别是金属合金。围绕牙医工作的环境卫生问题已经得到承认。尽管需要遵守职业环境控制和工作管理，但牙医的依从性似乎很低。我们评估了牙医遗传毒性效应与职业环境控制和工作管理之间的关系。我们使用微核试验（MN）和彗星试验（CA）检测外周淋巴细胞，并评估尿液中的金属水平。我们还用被动采样器对甲醛进行了评估。研究对象是32名牙医和40名文职人员。采用正向逐步多元回归分析方法对牙医和文职人员的MN频率和彗星测定参数进行分析。年龄（P<0.01）、职业（P<0.01）是显著增加遗传毒性的危险因素。年龄（P<0.05）、睡眠时间（P<0.05）、是否为全科医师（P<0.01）是影响牙医MN频次和彗星测定的显著参数。尿中钴含量与基因毒性作用无关。我们发现，作为一名牙医，尤其是一名全科医生，加强了遗传毒性效应。为了揭示遗传毒性的牙科材料，未来应调查全科医生使用的材料。

Dentists use various materials, particularly metal alloys. Environmental hygiene issues surrounding thework of dentists have been recognized. Despite the need for observance of occupational environmentalcontrols and work management, compliance among dentists appears to be low. We evaluated therelationship between genotoxic effects in dentist and occupational environmental controls and workmanagement. We used micronuleus test (MN) and comet assay (CA) in peripheral lymphocytes andassessed metal levels in urine. We also assessed formaldehyde with passive sampler badge. Studysubjects were 32 dentists and 40 clerical workers. The parameters on the MN frequency and comet assayin dentists and clerical workers were analyzed by forward stepwise multiple regression analyses. Age(P<0.01), occupation as a dentist (P<0.01) were risk factors that significantly increased genotoxic effects.The significant parameters on the MN frequency and comet assay in dentists were age (P<0.05),sleeping hous(P<0.05), dentists as a general practician (P<0.01). Cobalt in urine was not a significantfactor related with genotoxic effects. We revealed that being a dentist, especially a general practician,reinforced the genotoxic effect. To reveal the genotoxcic dental materials, the materials used in generalpracticians should be investigated in the future.