Genotoxic effects in dentists in Japan.

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Dentists use various materials, particularly metal alloys. Environmental hygiene issues surrounding thework of dentists have been recognized. Despite the need for observance of occupational environmentalcontrols and work management, compliance among dentists appears to be low. We evaluated therelationship between genotoxic effects in dentist and occupational environmental controls and workmanagement. We used micronuleus test (MN) and comet assay (CA) in peripheral lymphocytes andassessed metal levels in urine. We also assessed formaldehyde with passive sampler badge. Studysubjects were 32 dentists and 40 clerical workers. The parameters on the MN frequency and comet assayin dentists and clerical workers were analyzed by forward stepwise multiple regression analyses. Age(P<0.01), occupation as a dentist (P<0.01) were risk factors that significantly increased genotoxic effects.The significant parameters on the MN frequency and comet assay in dentists were age (P<0.05),sleeping hous(P<0.05), dentists as a general practician (P<0.01). Cobalt in urine was not a significantfactor related with genotoxic effects. We revealed that being a dentist, especially a general practician,reinforced the genotoxic effect. To reveal the genotoxcic dental materials, the materials used in generalpracticians should be investigated in the future.