Genotoxic effects in dentists in Japan.

牙医使用各种材料，特别是金属合金。围绕牙医工作的环境卫生问题已经得到认可。尽管需要遵守职业环境控制和工作管理，牙医之间的遵守似乎很低。我们评估了牙医的遗传毒性效应与职业环境控制和工作管理的关系。采用外周血淋巴细胞微核试验（MN）和彗星试验（CA）检测尿金属含量。我们还使用被动采样器徽章对甲醛进行了评估。研究对象为32名牙医和40名文职人员。采用多元逐步回归分析方法，对牙科和文职人员的微核率和彗星试验参数进行了分析。年龄（P<0.01）、牙科医生职业（P<0.01）是遗传毒性效应显著增加的危险因素，年龄（P<0.05）、睡眠时间（P <0.05）、牙科医生为普通牙科医生（P<0.01）是影响MN频率和彗星试验的重要因素。尿钴与遗传毒性效应无显著相关性。我们发现，作为一个牙医，特别是一个普通的牙医，加强了遗传毒性效应。为揭示牙科材料的遗传毒性，今后应对牙科医生使用的材料进行调查。

Dentists use various materials, particularly metal alloys. Environmental hygiene issues surrounding thework of dentists have been recognized. Despite the need for observance of occupational environmentalcontrols and work management, compliance among dentists appears to be low. We evaluated therelationship between genotoxic effects in dentist and occupational environmental controls and workmanagement. We used micronuleus test (MN) and comet assay (CA) in peripheral lymphocytes andassessed metal levels in urine. We also assessed formaldehyde with passive sampler badge. Studysubjects were 32 dentists and 40 clerical workers. The parameters on the MN frequency and comet assayin dentists and clerical workers were analyzed by forward stepwise multiple regression analyses. Age(P<0.01), occupation as a dentist (P<0.01) were risk factors that significantly increased genotoxic effects.The significant parameters on the MN frequency and comet assay in dentists were age (P<0.05),sleeping hous(P<0.05), dentists as a general practician (P<0.01). Cobalt in urine was not a significantfactor related with genotoxic effects. We revealed that being a dentist, especially a general practician,reinforced the genotoxic effect. To reveal the genotoxcic dental materials, the materials used in generalpracticians should be investigated in the future.