Firm location, foreign direct investment, and policies in service industry

我们从经济福利的角度对服务业的企业区位和外商直接投资进行了评估，并从理论上认为应该实施的政策是可取的。研究结果表明：(1)在内在成本不同的地区，存在企业过度向成本较高地区转移的可能性。(2)缩小地区间的成本差异对消费者来说可能并不可取，这意味着政府在实施服务成本政策时需要关心消费者。(3)在中间产品和最终产品行业的自由进入中，在一定条件下，企业可能从福利的角度不充分地进入市场。(4)进入该市场或位于该地区的企业数量受到外部规模经济和经济一体化的强烈影响。

We evaluated firm location and foreign direct investment in service industry from the viewpoint of economic welfare and theoretically considered desirable policies to be implemented. We obtained the following results: (1) In the regions with different intrinsic costs, there are some possibilities that firms excessively locate in the region with higher costs. (2) Decreasing difference in costs between regions may not be desirable for consumers, which implies that governments need to care consumers when they implement policies for service costs. (3) In free entry in both intermediate-good and final-good industries, under some condition, firms may insufficiently enter the markets from the welfare viewpoint. (4) The number of firms entering the market or locating in the region are strongly affected by the external economies of scale and economic integration.