ショウジョウバエ記憶中枢における記憶に必要な神経細胞種の全同定

鉴定果蝇记忆中心记忆所需的所有神经元细胞类型

• 批准号: 14J06646
• 负责人: 市之瀬 敏晴
• 金额: $ 1.41万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2014-04-25 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14J06646/
• 关键词: ショウジョウバエ; 神経行動学; 記憶学習; ドーパミン報酬系; 長期記憶; フィードバック回路; 行動遺伝学; 記憶学習行動; キノコ体出力神経

今年度は、当該研究課題から得られた成果の集大成として、長期記憶を誘導するドーパミン報酬がハエの記憶中枢であるキノコ体からのフィードバック制御を受けるという重要な発見を筆頭著者として発表した（Ichinose et al., eLife, 2015）。これまでの研究（Yamagata, Ichinose et al., PNAS, 2015）により、特定のドーパミン作動性細胞からのドーパミン入力が長期記憶の形成に重要であることがわかっていたが、その形成メカニズムの詳細は明らかでなかった。本研究はこれをさらに深め、フィードバック回路を介した「報酬の増幅機構」が特定のドーパミン神経に働き、このフィードバック回路が学習後もしばらく活動していることが記憶の長期化に重要であることを発見した。この長期化された記憶は短期記憶に比べて記憶の特異性が下がることも明らかになり、記憶の特異性と安定性の間のトレードオフを示唆する結果となった。ヒトの場合でもドーパミン神経系が脳の報酬情報に深く関連し、記憶中枢との相互作用が示唆されている。長期記憶の形成を誘導するフィードバック回路とその動作原理を一細胞レベルで明らかにした本研究の成果は、記憶障害メカニズムの効果的なモデルを提供したという点で特筆に価する。

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项目成果

Distinct dopamine neurons mediate reward signals for short- and long-term memories

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1421930112
• 发表时间: 2014-12
• 期刊: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
• 作者: Nobuhiro Yamagata;Toshiharu Ichinose;Yoshinori Aso;P. Plaçais;Anja B. Friedrich;Richard J Sima;T. Préat;G. Rubin;Hiromu Tanimoto

Regulation of the reward signal to drive appetitive LTM formation

调节奖励信号以推动 LTM 的食欲形成

• 发表时间: 2014
• 作者: Ichinose T;Yamagata N;Aso Y;Friedrich AB;Rubin G;Tanimoto H
• 通讯作者: Tanimoto H