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The tools of contemporary Japanese neuroscience: a cultural and philosophical approach

当代日本神经科学的工具：文化和哲学方法

基本信息

批准号：
16F16301
负责人：
河野哲也
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
Rikkyo University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for JSPS Fellows
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2016-10-07 至 2019-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This last period of the fellowship was dedicated to the study of the interaction between technology and the body of research participants. This study is a subpart of the general project: the development of a philosophical approach of scientific instruments in the philosophy of neuroscience and neuroethics. In this study, I focus on tool use in the laboratory: how tools are connected with the body of research participants? In behavioral and brain sciences, the body of the participant is connected to several technologies through which physiological data is recorded. In order to obtain good quality brain data, a number of constraints are imposed on the body of participants, such as restrictions of movement. I have observed and compared several experiments of neuroscience and psychology, including a rich variety of brain imaging tools (e.g., functional magnetic resonance imaging, functional near-infrared spectroscopy). By questioning the conceptions of embodiment behind the use of brain imaging tools, I have shown that different instrumental strategies correspond to different conceptions of embodiment. A paper on this topic has been submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.Presentations of the study have been held at the World Congress of Philosophy, Beijing University, August 2018, and at East China Normal University (Shanghai), Workshop Body Matters: The Many Faces of Embodied Cognition, August 2018. At the World Congress of Philosophy, a roundtable has also been organized with Tetsuya Kono & Jean-Michel Roy on “New Directions in Embodied Knowledge” (2018.8.17).

研究金的最后一期致力于研究技术与研究参与者之间的相互作用。这项研究是总项目的一个子部分：在神经科学和神经伦理学的哲学中发展科学仪器的哲学方法。在这项研究中，我将重点放在实验室中的工具使用上：工具如何与研究参与者的身体联系起来？在行为科学和脑科学中，参与者的身体与几种记录生理数据的技术相连。为了获得高质量的大脑数据，对参与者的身体施加了一些限制，比如运动限制。我观察和比较了神经科学和心理学的几个实验，包括丰富的大脑成像工具(例如，功能磁共振成像、功能近红外光谱)。通过对脑成像工具背后的具体化概念的质疑，我已经证明了不同的工具策略对应着不同的具体化概念。一篇关于这一主题的论文已提交给同行评议期刊。这项研究的报告已于2018年8月在北京大学世界哲学大会上发表，并于2018年8月在东中国师范大学(上海)的研讨会上发表：身体问题：具身认知的多个面孔。在世界哲学大会上，还与河野哲也和让-米歇尔·罗伊就“体现知识的新方向”举行了圆桌会议(2018.8.17)。