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Reconstruction of Rights and Obligations Relations between a State and a Person in the Context of the Extraterritorial Application of Human Rights Treaties

人权条约域外适用背景下国家与个人权利义务关系的重构

基本信息

批准号：
21K13193
负责人：
杉木志帆
金额：
$ 3万
依托单位：
Kagawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2021-04-01 至 2026-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

项目摘要

今日、国家安全保障上の利益などを理由に、国の情報機関が国内外のインターネット通信を大量傍受する国家実行が蓄積しつつある。こうした大量傍受は、国内外の不特定多数の者について、私生活の尊重への権利に対する干渉や、表現の自由に対する委縮効果を生じさせうる。令和４年度は、インターネット技術の発展が、人権条約の域外適用に与える影響について検討した。欧州人権裁判所は、自らの通信を傍受された可能性のある者が、条約上の被害者の地位を持つことを認め、大量傍受実施国の国外にいるNGOなどについて条約上の権利侵害を認めている。ここから、当該裁判所は、慎重に明言を避けつつも、大量傍受の実施国が不特定多数の世界中のインターネット通信利用者に対して、欧州人権条約上の権利を保障する義務を負うと黙示的に認めているということができる（国際人権33号にて研究成果の一部を報告）。大量傍受は、不特定多数の者に、通信データが閲覧されるのではないかという不安感による委縮効果を生じうる。だが、自らの通信データが収集される可能性があるだけでは、その者は大量傍受の実施国の支配下にあるとはいい難い。それにもかかわらず、国内外の不特定多数のインターネット通信の利用者に対して、大量傍受実施国が欧州人権条約上の権利を保障する義務を負うのであれば、それは人権条約の域外適用が事実上の因果関係に基づく人権保障システムによっても許容されうることを示している。

Today, with regard to the protection of national security, there are many reasons for the loss of interests, and there are a large number of domestic and foreign financial institutions that have received a large number of domestic and foreign communications. There are a large number of people who receive a large number of people at home and abroad, those who do not have a specific majority at home and abroad, respect for their private life, their interests, and their personal life. Ling and 4 years of trade festivals, technical exhibitions and articles of the people's Republic of China have an impact on the extraterritorial use. European tribunals, those who are affected by the possibility of communication, those who hold the status of "victims" in the treaty, and a large number of people who are affected by foreign countries such as NGO countries and other countries in the treaty. You should pay attention to the situation, act as the court, be careful to avoid it, and there are a large number of users of communications in the world that are subject to a specific majority of countries in the world. On the European Agreement on the Agreement on the Protection of profits and Security, there are a lot of people in the world who are interested in the use of communications. (a report on the findings of International Research No. 33). There are a large number of people who are affected by a large number of people, an unspecified majority, and communications. They do not have a sense of insecurity. There are a large number of people who are under the control of "Shi Guo". Both at home and abroad, the majority of domestic and foreign countries do not have specific information on the users of communications, and a large number of recipient countries and Europeans have signed the agreement on the protection of economic benefits. In the extraterritorial use of the contract, the causal basis of human protection is used in the event.