Development of mixed oxide catalyst for carbon dioxide hydrogenation to methanol.

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The goal of this research is to develop mixed metal oxide catalyst for hydrogenation of carbon dioxide to methanol. Based on the proposal work we screened doped catalyst for stabilization of formate species and found that Co-ZrO2 binary catalyst shows high affinity for adsorption of CO2 as carbonate and its hydrogenation to adsorbed formate species. The formate species were adsorbed over the Co-Zr interface, however hydrogenation of formate to methanol was not efficient and methanol selectivity was 30 % even at high Co loading. Dual atom catalyst was prepared by doping In and Co in ZrO2 to overcome this issue. Characterization of catalyst revealed that both In and Co were atomically dispersed. Methanol selectivity increased to 65% over In-Co-ZrO2 catalyst along with increase in methanol yield. Mechanistic investigation showed that Co-Zr interfacial site facilitated the stabilization of formate and In was responsible for hydrogen dissociation for hydrogenation of formate to methanol. Methanol formation was accelerated due to the synergy between Co and In sites. Kinetic analysis showed that the order of reaction with respect to hydrogen reduced from 0.9 for binary catalyst to 0.3 for ternary catalyst indicating that hydrogen activation was promoted over the ternary catalyst.During screening of catalyst, In-TiO2 binary catalyst showed superior activity for reverse water gas shift reaction at low temperature and high pressure. These results were summarized and published in ChemCatChem journal.