The link between genetic diversity and species diversity: patterns and processes in grassland plants

遗传多样性与物种多样性之间的联系：草原植物的模式和过程

• 批准号: 61417157
• 负责人: Dr. Walter Durka
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department Biozönoseforschung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/61417157?language=en
• 关键词: link; between; genetic; diversity; species

Species diversity (SD) and genetic diversity (GD) are fundamental levels of biodiversity that span from genes to ecosystems. Thus, sustainable management and land use must target both, SD and GD. However, the two have mostly been studied independently, despite a number of potential connections. We propose to analyze patterns and processes linking SD and GD in European cultural grassland ecosystems within the framework of the biodiversity exploratories. We focus on molecular markers and neutral processes like gene flow and drift which allow to analyze historic and current processes at the landscape level. First, in a multi-site and multi-species approach we analyze correlation patterns between species diversity of grassland sites and genetic diversity at neutral molecular markers (AFLP) of nine grassland species from three functional groups. We hypothesize that positive correlations between species and genetic diversity depend on colonization/extinction and gene-flow/drift equilibria. Thus, we expect to find such correlations for species with low to intermediate dispersal capacity. Second, we relate landscape structure and land use intensity to genetic diversity in the same nine grassland species within a GIS platform. Using a landscape genetics approach we thus identify landscape features, both current and historic, that are critical for the maintenance of GD and SD. We hypothesize that historic habitat continuity is more important than current landscape structure for both SD and GD. Third, we investigate the outcome of a process that directly links SD and GD via pollination facilitation. We test whether pollination and seed set of, and gene flow among experimental low density target plants is facilitated by resident species diversity of pollinator-dependent plant species. We hypothesize that pollination facilitation exists but depends on the pollinator specificity of the plant pollination syndrome.

物种多样性（SD）和遗传多样性（GD）是从基因到生态系统的生物多样性的基本水平。因此，可持续管理和土地利用必须以可持续发展和全球发展为目标。然而，这两个主要是独立研究，尽管有一些潜在的联系。我们建议分析模式和过程中连接SD和GD在欧洲文化草原生态系统的框架内的生物多样性exploratories。我们专注于分子标记和中性过程，如基因流和漂移，允许在景观水平上分析历史和当前的过程。首先，在一个多站点和多物种的方法，我们分析了草地网站的物种多样性和遗传多样性之间的相关模式在中性分子标记（AFLP）的9个草地物种从三个功能组。我们假设物种和遗传多样性之间的正相关依赖于殖民/灭绝和基因流/漂移平衡。因此，我们希望找到这种相关性的物种低到中等的扩散能力。其次，我们在GIS平台内的景观结构和土地利用强度的遗传多样性在相同的9个草地物种。因此，使用景观遗传学的方法，我们确定景观功能，当前和历史上，是至关重要的GD和SD的维护。我们假设，历史栖息地的连续性比目前的景观结构更重要的SD和GD。第三，我们调查的过程中，直接联系SD和GD通过授粉促进的结果。我们测试是否授粉和种子集，和实验低密度目标植物之间的基因流是由传粉者依赖的植物物种的居民物种多样性促进。我们假设，授粉促进存在，但取决于植物授粉综合征的传粉者特异性。