RESEARCH ON USE OF RADIO AMATEUR SATELLITES IN SCIENCE EDUCATION

目前有十几颗人造卫星被称为业余卫星在轨道上。这些卫星为科学和工程教育提供了独特的机会。我调查了利用业余卫星为K-12研究生学习物理、无线电通信、航天器技术和空间环境的可能教育方案，我提出了以下原创教材，并证实了其显著的教育效果。(1)多普勒效应和航天器速度业余卫星适合于演示和观测多普勒效应。从业余卫星发射的无线电信标波表现出相当大的多普勒频移，这与卫星/观测者的相对速度成正比。对圆形轨道业余卫星的多普勒频移测量得出了相对速度的大小，这与理论预测很好地一致。(2)开普勒定律和航天器运动无线电信标波的另一个教育用途是证明航天器绕地球轨道遵守开普勒定律。通过听到信标来测量高海拔通过的可见时间，可以得到一个合理的轨道周期，这是根据理论计算得出的初步结论。(3)接收遥测和全轨道数据的设备大多数业余卫星广播遥测和各种数据，如全轨道数据。我设计了一种简单而廉价的设备来接收这些数据。学生可以通过连接到他们的个人计算机的这种设备直接接收和显示实时遥测。为了捕获、解码和存储UoSAT-2全轨道数据，我开发了一种新型的解调器。通过分析存储在PC中的遥测和全轨数据，学生能够对航天器状态(如太阳能电池的性能)和空间环境(如地球磁场)有更多的了解。

There are currently over a dozen artificial satellites called amateur satellites in orbit. These satellites provide unique opportunities for science and engineering education. I investigated possible educational programs using amateur satellites for K-12 graduate students to study physics, radio communication, spacecraft technology and space environment, I proposed the following original teaching materials and confirmed their remarkable educational effectiveness.(1) Doppler effect and spacecraft velocityAmateur satellites are suitable for demonstration and observation of the Doppler effect. Radio beacon waves transmitted from amateur satellites exhibit considerable Doppler shift which is proportional to relative satellite/observer velocity. Doppler shift measurements for circular orbiting amateur satellites yield the magnitude of relative velocity which is in good agreement with theoretical prediction.(2) Kepler's law and spacecraft motionAnother educational use of radio beacon waves is to demonstrate that spacecraft orbiting around the Earth are subject to Kepler's law. Measurement of the visible time for a high-elevation pass by hearing the beacon yields a reasonable orbital period which is elementary derived from a theoretical calculation.(3) Equipments for receiving telemetry and whole orbit dataMost of amateur satellites broadcast telemetry and various data such as whole orbit data. I designed a simple and inexpensive equipment for receiving these data. Students are able to directly receive and display real time telemetry by using this equipment linked to their personal computers. I developed a new type of demodulator in order to capture, decode and store UoSAT-2 whole orbit data. By analyzing telemetry and whole orbit data stored in PC, students are able to have much understanding of spacecraft status such as solar battery's performance and of space environment such as Earth's magnetic field.