Cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies on the atomic-bomb survivors

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Cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies were carried out on the atomic-bomb survivors who had been exposed within 500 meters from the hypocenter.The main results obtained in the past two years1. Follow up of the heavily exposed A-bomb survivors Annual follow up of the exposed people revealed two death of colon cancers. Three survivors were newly found to have cancers, one bladder cancer and two colon cancers.2. A high incidence of meningioma was found among heavily exposed groupThirty eight meningioma patients in exposed group as well as 607 patients in non-exposed group were collected from the database of Hiroshima Tumor Registration. The group exposed more than one gray had significantly higher incidence of meningioma. The incidence were correlated with radiation dose exposed.3. WT1 gene product in the peripheral blood of healthy survivorsTen blood samples were available from the survivors exposed within 500 meters from the hypocenter. Of the ten, four showed a moderate to high level of messenger RNA of the gene 2 within normal level and the remainings un-measurable. No dose-dependency was observed.4. Detection of subclones by FISH techniqueEight leukemia patients who had been exposed more than 2 Gy were examined by FISH technique comparing with the karyotype analyzed by G-banding method. Of the eight patients six were shown to have abnormal subclones either with monosomy 7, 1 7p- and 20q-. Amplification of MYC or p53 genes were also found in four patients among the eight leukemia patients.