Molecular biology research concernig mandible face growth of Hemifacial Microsomia

内皮素-1（ET-1）伊萨最早从培养的猪血管内皮细胞中分离纯化的一种强有力的血管收缩剂。近年来，ET-1基因打靶研究揭示了其在颅面结构（包括骨和软骨）形成中的作用。（ET-1（-l-））、杂合子和野生型（ET-1（+/+，+/-））进行比较和检测，上颌窦毛全部表现为所有样本下颌的正中结合不良，使上颌骨，在纯合子中，耳廓发育不全，与上颌窦毛发相似。骨和软骨标本：下颌骨关节突等效部完全缺失时与颧弓投影相似，锤骨、鼓室环完全缺失，血管走行：ET-1（-l-）存在异常分支唇下舌动脉过多分支 关于我们 艾德来自面动脉，复数形式，形式与上颌动脉相似。组织图像：ET-1（-l-）中不允许，尽管ET-1（+l*）头侧咽弓角质层下的间充质细胞允许胎生10.5天的细胞间基质增加。基因外观：ET-1（-l-）的异常主要集中在下颌突起始处的结构上，而下颌骨的形态上的原始性被认为是ET-1（-l-）的异常的主要原因。结论：ET-1（-l-）基因在下颌突中的表达模式与上颌突相似，并通过作用于胚层间充质细胞，调节dHAND、eHAND和Pax 3的表达，使其从神经嵴细胞中迁移出来。少

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) isa potent vasoconstrictor that was first purified from cultured porcine endothelial cells. Recently, gene targeting of ET-1 reveals its role in the formation of craniofacial structures including bones and cartilage.When the phenotype of ET-1 gene deletion mouse's homozygote (ET-1 (-l-)) and heterozygote and wild type (ET-1 (+/+, +/-))was compared and had been examined, the sinus hair of a lower jaw all opatry which presented the faulty union of the median of all sample lower jaw, making to the maxilla, and hypoplasia of the pinna in the homozygote and was similar to the maxillary sinus hair in addition was admitted.Bone and cartilage specimen : the mandibular process articularise quivalent part were similarto the arcus zygomaticus projection on complete deletion, the malleus, and the anulus tympanicus complete Loss, like in the axis Meckel cartilage.Running of blood vessel : In ET-1 (-l-), an abnormal offshoot lingua arteria labialis inferior excessive branch exist … More ed from the arteria facialis in the plural and the form was similar to the arteria maxillaris of the upper jaw.Tissue image : It was not admitted in ET-1 (-l-) though the increase of the substrate between cells was admitted for the viviparity 10.5 days by the mesenchymal cell right under the head side pharyngeal arch cuticle of ET-1 (+l*).Appearance of gene : HANDs was compared in the PAX3 domination and the mandibular process in the maxillar process though it was dominant and PAX3 was dominant in both maxillar process and mandibular processes in ET-1 (-l-).Abnormality of ET-1 (-l-)concentrated on the structure of the mandibular process origin and originality in the form of the lower jaw was thought to give ET-1 from the admission of two or more upper jaw externals pathomorphisms of the lower jaw and the pattern of manifestation of the gene in the ET-1 (-l-) mandibular process similar the processus maxillaris and well by acting on a mesenchymal cell the germinal layer and adjusting the appearance of dHAND, eHAND, and Pax3 to the migration from neural crest cell. Less