权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Changing Process of Support Needs in Disaster Survivors and Problems in Community Mental Health: Epidemiologic-metric Study using the GHQ-30

灾难幸存者支持需求的变化过程和社区心理健康问题：使用 GHQ-30 的流行病学计量研究

基本信息

批准号：
09670995
负责人：
OHTA Yasuyuki
金额：
$ 1.79万
依托单位：
NAGASAKI UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09670995/
关键词：
Natural disaster Evacuees Post-traumatic stress disorder Disaster stress Community mental health

项目摘要

Volcanic activities in Mt.Unzen which started in November 1990 have brought heavy casualties and burned and destroyed many houses and extensive farmland. In mental health support activities for the survivors of the volcanic disaster, which started in September 1991, mental health investigations have been conducted five times in total, which clarified the followings. (1) Findings of the GHQ-30:1) the percentage of the high risk group of people with a GHQ score 8 or higher has decreased from 66.9% to 32.4% in 8 years, which was still significantly higher than that (12.3%) of the control residents living in the similar social and economic situations in the neighboring communities. However, 2) symptoms related to 'anxiety and tension' and 'social dysfunction' have improved within 12 months since the beginning of the evacuation from their homes. 3) Symptoms related to 'depression' have continued for more than 3-4 years. 4) Symptoms related to 'difficulty in interpersonal relation' have still continued after 8 years. As such, it was confirmed that their psychological condition has changed with time. (2) The relationship between living situations and psychological condition of the survivors after they returned their homes from the evacuation: 1) Significant changes in a daily life pattern, 2) significant changes in roles in family life, 3) a decrease in contacts with old acquaintances, and 4) significant relationship between the loss of feeling healthy and not being psychologically well. (3) Risk factors of psychological ill health of the survivors: 1) Females, 2) middle-aged or elderly people, 3) people receiving medical care for chronic diseases, 4) people who experienced frequent evacuations from the early stage of the disaster, and 5) self-employed people. The study clarified the necessity to carry out support activities with the changing process of support needs of survivors in mind.

1990年11月开始的云仙山火山活动造成了重大人员伤亡，烧毁和摧毁了许多房屋和大片农田。在1991年9月开始的火山灾难幸存者心理健康支助活动中，共进行了五次心理健康调查，澄清了以下几点。(1) GHQ-30:1调查结果显示，GHQ评分为8分及以上的高危人群的比例在8年内从66.9%下降到32.4%，但仍显著高于社会经济条件相近的邻区对照居民的12.3%。然而，2)与“焦虑和紧张”以及“社交功能障碍”相关的症状在开始撤离家园后的12个月内有所改善。3)与“抑郁”相关的症状持续了3-4年以上。4)“人际关系困难”的症状在8年后仍然存在。因此，证实了他们的心理状况随着时间的推移而发生变化。(2)疏散后幸存者的生活状况与心理状况的关系：1)日常生活模式发生显著变化；2)家庭生活角色发生显著变化；3)与旧熟人的接触减少；4)健康感丧失与心理状况不佳之间存在显著关系。(3)幸存者心理健康不良的危险因素：1)女性，2)中老年人，3)慢性病患者，4)灾后早期频繁撤离的人群，5)个体经营者。该研究阐明了在考虑到幸存者支持需求变化过程的情况下开展支持活动的必要性。