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Conversion of algal biomass to hydrogen by marine bacterial consortia

海洋细菌群落将藻类生物质转化为氢气

基本信息

批准号：
09650876
负责人：
MIYAMOTO Kazuhisa
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
Osaka University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1998
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09650876/
关键词：
Microalga Biomass Bacterial consortium Hydrogen Photosynthetic bacterium Starch

项目摘要

Among the many global environmental problems facing society today, greenhouse warming is widely recognized as one of the most serious.To address this problem, CO_2 fixation by microalgae is considered as an environmentally friendly, energy-saving measure.However, microalgal systems produce large amounts of waste biomass which would easily revert to CO_2.In this study, we attemped to develop a system in which starch accumulated in C0_2-fixing algal biomass is biologically converted to H_2, one of the most promising future energy mediai) A halotolerant bacterial consortium, which could directly convert starch to H_2, was selected from an activated sludge of a night soil treatment plant having a seawater dilution system.The consortia showed a strong ability to convert raw starch to H_2 in the presence of 3% sodium chloride.ii) Two different bacterial strains, which played roles in starch degradation and H_2 production from the degraded products, respectively, were isolated from the consortium and identified.iii) A pure mixed culture of known lactobacillus and photosynthetic bacterium showed more efficient conversion of raw starch to H_2 compared with the above bacterial consortium.iv) The pure mixed culture could produce H_2 from the algal starch accumulated in freshwater or marine green algae with high conversion yields and rates.We could demonstrate that C0_2-fixing algal biomass can be directly converted to H_2 by using bacterial consortium or mixed culture.This system will have the advantages of energy efficiency and simplicity compared with other biological conversion systems previously reported.

在当今社会面临的众多全球环境问题中，温室效应被广泛认为是最严重的环境问题之一。为了解决这一问题，微藻固定CO_2被认为是一种环境友好、节能的措施。然而，微藻系统产生了大量的废生物质，很容易转化为CO_2。本研究试图开发一种系统，在该系统中，固定CO_2的藻类生物量中积累的淀粉被生物转化为H_2，这是未来最有前途的能源介质之一。一个耐盐菌群，它可以直接将淀粉转化为H_2，从具有海水稀释系统的粪便处理厂的活性污泥中筛选出一株在3%氯化钠存在下将生淀粉转化为氢的能力很强的组合。ii)两种不同的细菌菌株，它们分别对淀粉的降解和降解产物的产氢起作用，已知的乳酸菌和光合菌的纯混合培养比上述细菌组合更有效地将粗淀粉转化为H_2。iv)纯混合培养可以从淡水或海洋绿藻中积累的藻类淀粉直接转化为H_2，转化率和转化率都很高。我们可以证明，利用细菌组合或混合培养可以直接将固碳藻类生物量转化为H_2。与已报道的其他生物转化系统相比，该系统具有能量效率高、操作简单的优点。