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A Study on the Department of Home Affairs' Building and Maintenance Policies for the Government and National Shrines in the Modern Age

近代民政事务部对政府及国家神社的建筑和维护政策研究

基本信息

批准号：
09650697
负责人：
FUJIOKA Hiroyasu
金额：
$ 2.24万
依托单位：
Tokyo Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

This report shows the building and repairing administration policy for the Imperial and Provincial Shrines, delving into documents of the national and prefectural governments.Between 1876 and 1886, the Ministry of Home Affairs could respond to the needs to newly build or repair the buildings of the shrines. In 1887, kakusha-kyotu-kin system was introduced for repair or reconstruction of shrine buildings damaged by disasters. But, the budget allotted to it was not sufficient, and a new budget rinji-jinja-hi was added in the 1910s. Those budgets were increased in 1934 with an advice of the Committee for Restudying the Government's Shrine Policy. For the eight years following 1934, largest amount of shrines' building and repairing activities had been carried out. Seigen-zu, which aimed at restriction of buildings' areas and site planning of shrine buildings, had much effect on the shrines. The ministry concentrated on figures related to area restriction and budget allotment, although they were aware of the importance of each shrine's uniqueness and history. Meiji Shrine and Nogi Shrines are good examples to examine the relationship between the deities and shrine style appropriate for them. Since this is a sort of problem no one can find perfect answer for it, the architects relied on the deities' tastes and history.Takashi Sunami was the most notable figure for shrine planning and design in modern ages. He searched for shrine designs appropriate for modern ages making much of their tradition and customs. He also arranged administrational system to run the ministry's building and repairing activities more smoothly.

本报告通过查阅中央政府和都道府县政府的文件，介绍了皇道神社的修建和修缮管理政策。1876年至1886年，内务省可以根据需要对神社建筑物进行新建或修缮。1887年，为修复或重建因灾害而损坏的神社建筑，引入了kakusha-kyotu-kin制度。但是，分配给它的预算是不够的，并在1910年代增加了一个新的预算仁济神社喜。这些预算在1934年根据重新研究政府神社政策委员会的建议而增加。1934年以后的八年中，进行了最大规模的神社修建和修缮活动。以限制建筑面积和神社建筑选址规划为目的的神祠法对神社产生了很大的影响。虽然他们知道每个神社的独特性和历史的重要性，但该部集中在与面积限制和预算分配有关的数字上。明治神宫和野木神社是考察神祇之间的关系和适合它们的神社风格的很好的例子。由于这是一个没有人能找到完美答案的问题，建筑师们依靠神灵的品味和历史。砂波隆是现代神社规划和设计中最著名的人物。他寻找适合现代的神社设计，使他们的传统和习俗。他还安排了行政系统，使该部的建设和维修活动更加顺利。