Movements and their control mechanism in the alimentary canal of amphibian tadpoles

两栖动物蝌蚪消化道的运动及其控制机制

• 批准号: 09640808
• 负责人: NAITOH Tomio
• 金额: $ 1.79万
• 依托单位: Shimane University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09640808/
• 关键词: intestine; colon; innervation; vagus nerve; splanchnic nerve; VIP; circular muscle layer; longitudinal muscle layer; 両生類; オタマジャクシ; 消化管運動; 消化管; 外来神経; 壁内神経系; 粘膜内反射; ウシガエル; ヤマアカガエル

Movements and innervation of the alimentary canal of amphibians tadpoles were studied from the standpoint of comparative physiology.Direct observation of the gut through the transparent abdominal wall in some species such as Rana ornativentris indicated that there occurred descending contraction waves in the midgut and haustral churning plus rhythmic longitudinal shortening in the colon. Vital staining with methyline blue showed that the vagus nerve, splanchnic nerve and a branch of the ischiococcygeal plexus innervated the alimentary canal, which was basically the same as that of frogs. There exists an intrinsic nerve plexus including VIP-and NO nerve fibers in the alimentary canal. VIP and serotonin administered to the isolated midgut of Rana catesbeiana inhibited its rhythmic contractions. Acetylcholine augmented them. These imply that the gastrointestinal movements of the tadpole gut are under the control of autonomic nervous system. Immunohistochemical staining of smooth muscle cells showed that the musculature in the gut wall consisted of two layers : inner circular and outer longitudinal layers in any part of the alimentary canal. Arrangement of the muscle cells in the longitudinal muscle layer of the midgut is not tight. Muscle cells of both circular and longitudinal layers in the colon are arranged in the manner that may cause haustral churning.

从比较生理学的角度研究了两栖类蝌蚪消化道的运动和神经支配，通过透明的腹壁直接观察中肠，发现中肠有下行收缩波，结肠有吸器搅动和节律性的纵向缩短。甲苯胺蓝活体染色显示迷走神经、内脏神经和坐骨尾神经丛的一个分支支配消化道，与蛙的基本相同。消化道内存在一个由VIP-和NO神经纤维组成的内神经丛。VIP和5-羟色胺对牛蛙离体中肠的节律性收缩有抑制作用。乙酰胆碱增强了它们。这说明蝌蚪消化道的运动受自主神经系统的控制。平滑肌细胞免疫组织化学染色显示，肠壁的肌肉组织由两层组成：内环和外纵层在消化道的任何部分。中肠纵肌层的肌细胞排列不紧密。结肠中的环形和纵向层的肌细胞以可能引起吸器搅动的方式排列。

项目成果

Ymamashita M. 他4名: "Allometry in vestibular responses of anurans."Adr Space Res.. 23(12). 2083-2086 (1999)

Ymamashita M. 和其他 4 人：“无尾动物前庭反应的异速生长”。Adr Space Res.. 23(12) (1999)。

Naitoh T.他4名: "Emesis and space motion sickness in amphikians" Adi.Space Res.(accepted).

Naitoh T. 和其他 4 人：“两栖动物的呕吐和太空晕动病”Adi.Space Res.（已接受）。

Yamashita M., Izumi-Kurotani A., Mogami Y., Okuno M., Naitoh T. and Wassersug R.J.: "The frog in space (FRIS) experiment onboard space station Mir : Final report and follow-on studies"Biological Sciences in Space. 11. 313-320 (1997)

Yamashita M.、Izumi-Kurotani A.、Mogami Y.、Okuno M.、Naitoh T. 和 Wassersug R.J.：“和平号空间站上的太空青蛙 (FRIS) 实验：最终报告和后续研究”生物科学

Yamashita M.他4名: "Allometry in restibular responses of anurans" Adi.Space Res.(accepted).

Yamashita M. 和其他 4 人：“无尾动物后庭反应的异速生长”Adi.Space Res.（已接受）。

Wassersug R.J., Naitoh T. and Yamashita M.: "Turning bias in tadpoles"J. Herpetology. 33. 543-548 (1999)

Wassersug R.J.、Naitoh T. 和 Yamashita M.：“蝌蚪中的偏差”J.