3D modeling and structural analysis of the cranium.

研究了颅骨三维建模和力学结构分析的基本方法，包括用FORTRAN语言编写的计算机程序，并获得了500多个动物（包括人）颅骨横断面图像数据。用CT（GE CT 9800和Toshiba Xvision）对人、黑猩猩、大猩猩和猕猴4例标本的颅骨进行前后、内外、上下3个方向的扫描。横截面数据不输出到摄影胶片上。相反，数据存储在磁带或磁光盘中。数据是二进制的，图像格式根据CT单位而变化。在成功地从二进制数据中提取图像数据后，在监视器上进行显示和打印输出。用CT 9800扫描仪对上述4个样品共400个断面进行扫描，扫描间隔为5mm或10mm。此外，还用Xvision扫描仪对数百个人颅骨断面进行了前后、内外两个方向的扫描，扫描间隔为1mm或2mm。另一方面，在主机计算机中使用图像处理程序库（SPIDER 2）开发了另一个程序，该程序将处理所获得的图像数据以确定空气和骨之间的轮廓或边界。

Basic methods including several computer programs coded by FORTRAN, which will be useful for the three-dimensional modeling and mechanical structural analysis of the cranial bones, were studied and more than 500 cross sections of animal (human included) crania image data were obtained. Crania from 4 specimens which include human, chimpanzee, gorilla, and macaque were scanned by CT (GE CT9800 and Toshiba Xvision) in the three different directions (antero-posterior medlo-lateral, and supero-inferior). The cross sectional data were not output to photographic films. Instead, the data were stored in magnetic tapes or magneto-optical disks. The data were binary and the image format was variable according to the CT units. After succeeded in the extraction of image data from the binary data, the display on the monitor and print-out were carried out. The total of 400 cross sections from the above 4 samples had been scanned by CT9800 at the interval of 5mm or 10mm. In addition, more than hundreds cross sections of human crania were scanned by Xvision at the interval of 1mm or 2mm in the two different directions (antero-posterior and inedio-lateral directions). Another program, on the other hand, which will process the obtained image data to determine the contour or boundary between the air and bone, was developed in the main frame computer using Image Processing Program Library (SPIDER2).