3D modeling and structural analysis of the cranium.

研究了用于颅骨三维建模和力学结构分析的基本方法，包括用FORTRAN编写的几个计算机程序，并获得了500多个动物（包括人类）颅骨图像数据的横截面。采用CT （GE CT9800和东芝Xvision）对人类、黑猩猩、大猩猩和猕猴4个标本进行颅前-后髓内外侧和上-下三个不同方向的扫描。横截面数据没有输出到摄影胶片上。相反，数据被存储在磁带或磁光盘中。数据为二值化，图像格式根据CT单元不同而不同。成功地从二进制数据中提取图像数据后，在显示器上显示并打印出来。CT9800共扫描了上述4个样品的400个截面，每隔5mm或10mm。此外，Xvision在前后和内外侧两个不同方向上以1mm或2mm的间隔扫描了数百个人颅骨横切面。另一方面，利用图像处理程序库（SPIDER2）在主机计算机上开发了另一个程序，该程序将对获得的图像数据进行处理，以确定空气与骨骼之间的轮廓或边界。

Basic methods including several computer programs coded by FORTRAN, which will be useful for the three-dimensional modeling and mechanical structural analysis of the cranial bones, were studied and more than 500 cross sections of animal (human included) crania image data were obtained. Crania from 4 specimens which include human, chimpanzee, gorilla, and macaque were scanned by CT (GE CT9800 and Toshiba Xvision) in the three different directions (antero-posterior medlo-lateral, and supero-inferior). The cross sectional data were not output to photographic films. Instead, the data were stored in magnetic tapes or magneto-optical disks. The data were binary and the image format was variable according to the CT units. After succeeded in the extraction of image data from the binary data, the display on the monitor and print-out were carried out. The total of 400 cross sections from the above 4 samples had been scanned by CT9800 at the interval of 5mm or 10mm. In addition, more than hundreds cross sections of human crania were scanned by Xvision at the interval of 1mm or 2mm in the two different directions (antero-posterior and inedio-lateral directions). Another program, on the other hand, which will process the obtained image data to determine the contour or boundary between the air and bone, was developed in the main frame computer using Image Processing Program Library (SPIDER2).