3D modeling and structural analysis of the cranium.

本文研究了颅骨三维建模和力学结构分析的基本方法，包括用FORTRAN语言编写的几个计算机程序，获得了500多个动物(包括人类)颅骨断层图像数据。对4具人、黑猩猩、大猩猩和猕猴的头颅标本进行了CT扫描(GE CT9800和Toshiba XVision)，扫描方向为前后、内侧和上下位。横截面数据没有输出到摄影胶片上。取而代之的是，数据被存储在磁带或磁光盘中。数据是二进制的，图像格式根据CT单位是不同的。在从二进制数据中成功提取图像数据后，在显示器上进行显示和打印。对上述4个标本共400个断面进行CT9800扫描，扫描间隔为5 mm或10 mm。另外，用XVision对数百个人的颅骨进行了两个不同方向(前后方向和内侧方向)的扫描，扫描间隔分别为1 mm和2 mm。另一方面，使用图像处理程序库(SPIDER2)在主机上开发了另一个程序，该程序将对获得的图像数据进行处理，以确定空气和骨骼之间的轮廓或边界。

Basic methods including several computer programs coded by FORTRAN, which will be useful for the three-dimensional modeling and mechanical structural analysis of the cranial bones, were studied and more than 500 cross sections of animal (human included) crania image data were obtained. Crania from 4 specimens which include human, chimpanzee, gorilla, and macaque were scanned by CT (GE CT9800 and Toshiba Xvision) in the three different directions (antero-posterior medlo-lateral, and supero-inferior). The cross sectional data were not output to photographic films. Instead, the data were stored in magnetic tapes or magneto-optical disks. The data were binary and the image format was variable according to the CT units. After succeeded in the extraction of image data from the binary data, the display on the monitor and print-out were carried out. The total of 400 cross sections from the above 4 samples had been scanned by CT9800 at the interval of 5mm or 10mm. In addition, more than hundreds cross sections of human crania were scanned by Xvision at the interval of 1mm or 2mm in the two different directions (antero-posterior and inedio-lateral directions). Another program, on the other hand, which will process the obtained image data to determine the contour or boundary between the air and bone, was developed in the main frame computer using Image Processing Program Library (SPIDER2).