EVALUTION OF UTILITY OF FLUORESCENT WHITENING AGENTS AS MOLECULAR MARKERS.

采用高效液相色谱荧光检测器对荧光增白剂（FWAs）进行了灵敏的分析，揭示了2种二苯乙烯类FWAs（DSBP和DAS 1）在东京湾及其邻近水体中的分布和行为。对废水流入物和流出物的监测表明，在一级和二级处理过程中，约60%的DSBP和80%的DAS 1被去除。这些去除效率低于其他水溶性分子标记物（例如LAS，> 95%），表明FWA是废水流出物的更好标记物。通过比较它们在流出物中的浓度和定量限，得到理论上最大可检测稀释度为-10^4S。在多摩川河口，研究了许多化学成分被去除的河口中FWAs的去除。盐度与FWAs浓度关系图表明，FWAs，特别是DAS 1在河口表现保守。根据混合图，DAS 1和DSBP对河口FWA的去除率分别为3%和40%。这些去除率远低于LAS。这些穷人的去除率是一致的发现，FWAs广泛分布在东京湾的水，其浓度范围从0.005杯/L至4杯/L。目前的研究结果表明，FWAs是潜在的强大的分子标记在沿海地区的废水流出物跟踪。除了它们的浓度外，相对丰度（即DSBP/DAS 1比值）可以作为水团历史的指标。对东京湾沉积物岩芯样品进行了FWA分析。它们的垂直分布与这两种化合物的生产历史相一致，表明FWA作为地质年代计的有用性。

Sensitive analytical method of fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) using HPLC with fluorescent detector have reveled the distributions and behaviors two stilbene-type FWAs (DSBP and DAS 1) in Tokyo Bay and adjacent aquatic environments. Monitoring of wastewater influents and effluents indicates that approximately 60 % of DSBP and 80 % of DAS 1 are removed during primary and secondary treatments. These removal efficiencies are less than those for the other water-soluble molecular markers (e.g. LAS, > 95%), suggesting that FWAs are better markers of wastewater effluents. Comparison of their concentrations in the effluents and quantitation limits gives theoretical maximum detectable dilution of - 10^4S.Removal of FWAs in estuary where many chemical constituents are removed has been studied in the Tamagawa Estuary. Salinity vs. FWAs concentration diagram demonstrated that FWAs, especially DAS 1 behave conservatively in the estuary. Removal of FWAs in the estuary is calculated at 3 % for DAS 1 and 40 % for DSBP based on the mixing diagram. These removals are much less than that for LAS.These poor removals are consistent with the finding that FWAs are widely distributed in Tokyo Bay water with their concentrations ranging from 0.005 mug/L to 4 mug/L.The present results demonstrated that FWAs are potentially powerful molecular markers in tracking wastewater effluents in coastal zones. In addition to their concentrations, the relative abundance (i.e. DSBP/DAS1 ratio) could be indicator of history of water mass. FWAs have been analyzed for a sediment core sample from Tokyo Bay. Their vertical distributions are consistent with the production history of both compounds, demonstrating the usefulness of FWAs as geochronometers.