EVALUTION OF UTILITY OF FLUORESCENT WHITENING AGENTS AS MOLECULAR MARKERS.

采用高效液相色谱-荧光检测器灵敏分析荧光增白剂的方法，揭示了两种二苯乙烯类荧光增白剂(DSBP和DAS-1)在东京湾及其附近水环境中的分布和行为。对废水进水和出水的监测表明，在一级和二级处理过程中，大约60%的DSBP和80%的DAS-1被去除。这些去除效率低于其他水溶性分子标记物(如LAS，&gt；95%)，表明FWAs是更好的废水排放标记物。将它们在出水中的浓度和定量限度进行了比较，理论上最大可检测稀释度为-10^4S。在玉马川口研究了去除许多化学成分的河口中FWAs的去除。盐度-FWAs浓度图表明，FWAs，尤其是DAS-1在河口的行为较为保守。根据混合图计算出河口水体中FWAs的去除量，DAS 1为3%，DSBP为40%。这与浮游植物广泛分布于东京湾水体中的研究结果一致，其浓度范围在0.005-4µg/L之间。本研究结果表明，浮游植物在追踪海岸带污水排放方面具有潜在的分子标志物潜力。除了它们的浓度之外，相对丰度(即DSBP/DAS1比率)也可以作为水团历史的指示器。对东京湾沉积物岩心样品进行了FWAs分析。它们的垂直分布与这两种化合物的生产历史相一致，证明了FWA作为地质计时器的有效性。

Sensitive analytical method of fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs) using HPLC with fluorescent detector have reveled the distributions and behaviors two stilbene-type FWAs (DSBP and DAS 1) in Tokyo Bay and adjacent aquatic environments. Monitoring of wastewater influents and effluents indicates that approximately 60 % of DSBP and 80 % of DAS 1 are removed during primary and secondary treatments. These removal efficiencies are less than those for the other water-soluble molecular markers (e.g. LAS, > 95%), suggesting that FWAs are better markers of wastewater effluents. Comparison of their concentrations in the effluents and quantitation limits gives theoretical maximum detectable dilution of - 10^4S.Removal of FWAs in estuary where many chemical constituents are removed has been studied in the Tamagawa Estuary. Salinity vs. FWAs concentration diagram demonstrated that FWAs, especially DAS 1 behave conservatively in the estuary. Removal of FWAs in the estuary is calculated at 3 % for DAS 1 and 40 % for DSBP based on the mixing diagram. These removals are much less than that for LAS.These poor removals are consistent with the finding that FWAs are widely distributed in Tokyo Bay water with their concentrations ranging from 0.005 mug/L to 4 mug/L.The present results demonstrated that FWAs are potentially powerful molecular markers in tracking wastewater effluents in coastal zones. In addition to their concentrations, the relative abundance (i.e. DSBP/DAS1 ratio) could be indicator of history of water mass. FWAs have been analyzed for a sediment core sample from Tokyo Bay. Their vertical distributions are consistent with the production history of both compounds, demonstrating the usefulness of FWAs as geochronometers.