Studies on the ontogeny of the biological clock in the human fetus

人类胎儿生物钟的个体发育研究

• 批准号: 09470361
• 负责人: NAKANO Hitoo
• 金额: $ 8.51万
• 依托单位: KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09470361/
• 关键词: human fetus; biological clock; eye movement; ultradian rhythm; circadian rhythm; ontogeny; REM; NREM sleep; ウルトラディアンリズム; レム睡眠; ノンレム睡眠; スペクトル解析; 超音波電子スキャン; 時間生物学; 胎児行動; 位相同調; 心拍数変動

The aim of this research project is to elucidate the developmental process of ultradian and circadian rhythms in the human fetus in utero, from the view point of the ontogeny of the biological clock.It was evident that : (1) The controlling center of ultradian rhythm (seen in eye movement / no eye movement period alternation or FHR variation), lying in the ponto-medullar region, starts to function at around 30 weeks' gestation and reaches maturation at term. (2) With regard to the sleep and waking states in the human fetus, both slow eye movement coexisting with rapid eye movement at 33 weeks' gestation onwards, and penile tumescence relating to the eye movement period as well, suggest that the generating center of REM sleep in the pons is functioning. (3) At 35 weeks' gestation onwards, regular mouthing movement concurrent with the no eye movement period indicates that this period is comparable to NREM sleep, thereby suggesting that the neural center, responsible for NREM sleep, from the pons through the thalamocortical pathway to the cerebral hemisphere may begin to function at around 35 weeks' gestation. (4) The temporal relationship between the onset of the eye movement period and micturition at term may be interpreted by the anatomical proximity of the controlling parts of both phenomena in the pons, and their interaction during the course of development. (5) Two different conditions emerge from fetal stomach movement, at the latest at 27 weeks' gestation, and begin manifesting from 29 weeks' onwards. The chronological changes in these conditions cluster into 'active' and 'quiet' phases from 31 weeks' gestation onwards. (6) Using maximum entropy power spectral analysis, the eye movement pattern at term was revealed to have a 16-29 hour periodicity.

本研究的目的是从生物钟个体发生的角度，阐明胎儿宫内超常节律和昼夜节律的发育过程。结果表明：(1)超常节律的控制中枢(眼动/无眼动周期交替或FHR变化)位于延髓脑桥区域，孕30周左右开始发挥作用，足月达到成熟；(2)从人胎儿的睡眠和清醒状态来看，33周以后慢眼动与快眼动并存，阴茎肿胀也与眼动期有关，提示脑桥REM睡眠的生成中心正在发挥作用。(3)孕35周以后，在无眼动期的同时有规律的嘴巴运动，表明这一时期与NREM睡眠相当，从而提示负责NREM睡眠的神经中枢可能在35周左右开始功能，该中枢负责从脑桥通过丘脑皮质通路到大脑半球。(4)眼动期的开始和足月排尿之间的时间关系可以通过脑桥中这两种现象的控制部分在解剖上的接近以及它们在发育过程中的相互作用来解释。(5)胎儿胃运动出现两种不同的状态，最迟在妊娠27周时出现，从29周开始出现。从妊娠31周开始，这些情况的时间变化分为“活跃”和“平静”两个阶段。(6)最大熵功率谱分析表明，足月眼动模式具有16-29小时的周期性。

项目成果

Hessein S. M., Yoshizato T., Fukushima S., Koyanagi T., Akazawa, K., Nakano H.: "Rhythms changes in the stomach movement of the human fetus congenital duodenal obstruction during the third trimester of pregnancy"Early Human Development. 54. 1-13 (1999)

Hessein S. M.、Yoshizato T.、Fukushima S.、Koyanagi T.、Akazawa, K.、Nakano H.：“妊娠晚期人类胎儿先天性十二指肠梗阻的胃运动节律变化”早期人类发育。

Hussein S. M. et al.: "Rhythmic changes in the stomach movement of the human fetus with congenital duodenal obstruction during the third trimester of pregnancy"Early Human Develpoment. 54. 1-13 (1999)

Hussein S. M. 等人：“妊娠晚期先天性十二指肠梗阻的人类胎儿胃运动的节律变化”早期人类发育。

Koyanagi T, et al.: "Fetal Medicine: The Clinical Care of the Fetus as a Patient"Fetal behavior: Integrity of brain stem apparatus.. 6 (1999)

小柳 T 等人：“胎儿医学：作为患者的胎儿的临床护理”胎儿行为：脑干器官的完整性.. 6 (1999)

Koyanagi T., Takashima T., Nakano H.: "Fetal behavior : Integrity of brain stem apparatus"Fetal Medicine : The Clinical Care of the Fetus as a Patient. eds) F. A. Chervenak, A. Kurjak. Parthenon Publishing Group, New York. 165-170 (1999)

小柳 T.、高岛 T.、中野 H.：“胎儿行为：脑干器官的完整性”胎儿医学：胎儿作为患者的临床护理。

KoyanagiT: "Fet al behavior:integrity of brain stem InF.A.Chevenak,A.Kur jak eds.fe talMedicine The Chinical Care of the Fetus as a Patient" Parthenon Publishing,Carnforth(U.K), in Press (1999)

KoyanagiT：“胎儿行为：脑干的完整性 InF.A.Chevenak，A.Kur jak eds.fe talMedicine The Chinical Care of the Fetus as a Patient” Parthenon Publishing，康福斯（英国），出版（1999 年）