Micro- and Micro-scopic Approach to Transport Phenomena of Heat and Radiation among Real Surfaces

热工系统中的真实表面与实验室中清洁的光学光滑表面有很大的不同。表面具有微观粗糙度，在大多数情况下，它们被任何表面膜覆盖。这类表面上的现象在两个工程科学问题中具有重要意义：一是固-固界面的接触热阻，二是热辐射特性和光学表面诊断。在上述方面，我们主要研究了以下四个方面的内容：第一，由于接触界面的微观结构随外加压力和晶体结构的变形而变化，因此我们寻求一种从外部诊断固体-固体界面热阻的原位技术。我们将超声波探伤技术应用于我们的接触电阻问题。我们对超声波在金属-金属接触界面上的反射和界面的热传递进行了宏观实验。其次，我们制作了…进一步对分子动力学在有限尺寸原子柱中的非均匀热能流动进行微观研究，该原子柱模拟了固体-固体接触点。这样的研究应该是接触热阻微观机理研究的基本单元。证明了在有限大小的原子微通道中，通道表面的影响是有效的，热能不是均匀流动的，而是更多地在通道的中心部分流动。第三，我们扩展了我们的高速光谱技术，用于研究工业环境中真实表面的热辐射特性。我们改进了我们的分光光度系统，在一个系统中，在从可见光到红外的广泛光谱范围内同时和重复地测量反射和发射光谱。我们将该实验系统应用于金属表面氧化过程的辐射特性研究。第四，对粗糙金属表面辐射反射的方向性进行了实验研究，估算了辐射换热参数，为辐射换热评价的研究和光学表面诊断技术的发展奠定了基础。较少

Real surfaces in thermal engineering systems are far different from clean optically smooth surfaces in laboratories. The surfaces have microscopic roughness and they are covered by any surface films in most cases. Phenomena on such surfaces are important in two engineering science problems : first, thermal contact resistance on solid-solid interface, and second, thermal radiation characteristics and optical surface diagnosis. On the above aspect, we dealt with the following four subjects.First, we pursue an in-situ technique for diagnosing the thermal contact resistance on a solid-solid interface from outside, since microstructure of the contact interface changes with time depending on applied pressure and deformation in crystal structure. We applied a ultrasonic wave technique for crack-search to our contact resistance problemWe conducted macroscopic experiments on ultrasonic wave reflection on a metal-metal contact interface and heat transmission through the interface.Second, we made … More a microscopic study of molecular dynamics on inhomogeneous thermal energy flow through a finite-size atom column, which simulates a solid-solid contact point. Such a study must be an elementary unit of a study on micromechanism of thermal contact resistance. It was demonstrated that in a micro-channel of atoms of a finite size, where influence of the surface of the channel is effective, thermal energy does not flow homogeneously but flows more in the central part of the channel.Third, we extended our high-speed spectroscopy for investigating thermal radiation characteristics of real surfaces in industrial environments. We improved our spectrophotometer system which measures reflection and emission spectra simultaneously and repeatedly over a wide spectral region from visible to infrared in one system. We applied the experimental system to the investigation of radiation characteristics of metal surfaces in an oxidation process. And, we proposed an algorithm for diagnosing the surface temperature and surface microstructure of a metal.Fourth, we investigated experimentally on directional characteristics of radiation reflection on rough metal surfaces with evaluation of radiation heat transfer parameters which contributes the study for the radiative transfer evaluation and that for the development in an optical surface diagnosis technique. Less