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Development of constructing methodology of time-axis program for transport improvement, and environmental load management in Asian developing countries

亚洲发展中国家交通改善和环境负荷管理时间轴计划构建方法的开发

基本信息

批准号：
09450192
负责人：
HAYASHI Yoshitsugu
金额：
$ 3.71万
依托单位：
Nagoya University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Most mega cities in developing countries are suffering from various urban problems caused by the shortage of social overhead capital to catch up with the rapid economic growth. This research is aimed to construct a methodology that analyzes the urban/global environmentally friendly transportation improvement strategies of avoiding the bottleneck in the urban development.Targeting the mega cities in developed countries, which those in developing countries will follow in the future, the mechanism of motorization progress that is encouraged by the economic development and the change in needs of transport infrastructure is clarified. Institutions of transport. infrastructure improvement are surveyed and compared internationally. A mathematical model is constructed to estimate the change in the car ownership and to simulate transport demand, road traffic condition, energy consumption, and environmental load. Consequently, the following mechanism is found : In developing countries, financial … More systems about the transport infrastructure improvement are insufficient, and urban railway and tram are very poor inside ＆ near mega cities. Under such conditions, if rapid motorization and population concentration were caused, transport, condition would also worsen rapidly. For avoidance of this kind crisis, it is thought to be efficient to establish a financial system to improve transport infrastructure corresponding to the urban development. Especially, the money gained in the land and car market, where demand increases due to the urban development, may be taxed and then transferred to transport improvement.As a technique examining detailed transport infrastructure improvement policies in the mega cities of the developing countries, a model to estimate the change in transport conditions due to the provision is constructed. Stated preference survey data on the spot are also used in the modeling. The transport mode choice model is calibrated to forecast, modal-shift, in the case of future railway improvement. And it is also possible to estimate the relationship among conditions of the railway network formation, the service level, and the condition of usage. Less

发展中国家的大城市由于缺乏社会管理资本以赶上经济的快速增长而面临着各种各样的城市问题。本研究的目的是构建一种分析城市/全球环境友好型交通改善战略的方法，以发达国家的特大城市为对象，阐明经济发展和交通基础设施需求变化促进机动化进程的机制，并为今后发展中国家的特大城市提供借鉴。运输机构。对基础设施改善情况进行了国际调查和比较。建立了一个数学模型来估计汽车保有量的变化，并模拟运输需求、道路交通状况、能源消耗和环境负荷。因此，发现了以下机制：在发展中国家， ...更多信息交通基础设施改善系统不足，特大城市内部和附近的城市铁路和有轨电车非常差。在这种情况下，如果造成快速机动化和人口集中，交通状况也会迅速恶化。为了避免这种危机，建立一个与城市发展相适应的金融体系来改善交通基础设施被认为是有效的。特别是，由于城市的发展，土地和汽车市场的需求增加，因此，可以对土地和汽车市场的收入征税，然后将其转移到交通改善上。作为研究发展中国家特大城市详细的交通基础设施改善政策的技术，构建了一个模型，以估计由于提供交通条件的变化。在建模中还使用了现场的陈述偏好调查数据。运输方式选择模型进行校准，预测，模式转变，在未来的铁路改善的情况下。而且，还可以估计铁路网形成条件、服务水平和使用条件之间的关系。少