Integration von Zuwanderern der ersten und zweiten Generation in Frankreich und in Deutschland

法国和德国第一代和第二代移民的融合

• 批准号: 97747983
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Patrick Puhani
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Arbeitsökonomik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2008-12-31 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/97747983?language=en
• 关键词: Integration; von; Zuwanderern; der; ersten

This project unites researchers from France and Germany in a single challenge to determine successful strategies of economic integration of immigrants. Newly available data will allow a comparative study of integration indicators for first and second generation immigrants. The Franco-German comparison is interesting because immigrant groups from the same sending countries can be observed in two neighboring countries with similar living standards and labour market regulations, but with traditionally different approaches to integration and naturalization.In the first part of the project, we provide descriptive evidence on various measures of integration for first and second generation immigrants in France and Germany. Apart from wages and employment, we will also consider public sector employment, naturalization and intermarriage as outcomes. Whereas the economic measures of wages and employment stand for (economic) participation in society, public sector employment and naturalization are deeper signals of integration in that immigrants become representatives of the host country through political participation. Intermarriage might be seen as one of the strongest forms of integration.In the second part of the project, we build on a so-called natural experiment provided by a recent change in German legislation on citizenship to identify the causal effects of naturalization. Determination of the effects of naturalization is especially important in light of convergence of citizenship policies, i.e. easing naturalization in Germany and tightening it in France. In addition, offering faster access to citizenship is an a priori budget neutral policy, which is not the case for intervention programmes like training.In the third part, we focus on immigrant employment in the public sector. We examine why immigrants and even the second generation are underrepresented in these jobs. . We ask whether this is a consequence of discrimination in hiring. A particular structure of the hiring process of civil servants in France opens an opportunity to investigate immigrants performance in an anonymous written and a non-anonymous oral examination. The research proposed here is highly relevant to current policy debates in Germany and in France and will make a contribution to the empirical economic literature.

该项目将来自法国和德国的研究人员联合起来，共同探讨移民经济融合的成功战略。新获得的数据将有助于对第一代和第二代移民的融合指标进行比较研究。法国和德国的比较是有趣的，因为移民群体从相同的派遣国可以观察到在两个邻国有类似的生活水平和劳动力市场法规，但传统上不同的方法来融合和naturalization.In项目的第一部分，我们提供了描述性的证据，在法国和德国的第一代和第二代移民融合的各种措施。除了工资和就业，我们还将考虑公共部门的就业、入籍和通婚作为结果。工资和就业等经济措施代表（经济）参与社会，而公共部门就业和入籍则是融合的更深层次的信号，因为移民通过政治参与成为东道国的代表。通婚可能被视为最强的融合形式之一。在项目的第二部分，我们建立在一个所谓的自然实验，由最近在德国公民身份立法的变化，以确定入籍的因果关系的影响。鉴于公民身份政策的趋同，即德国放宽入籍，法国收紧入籍，确定入籍的影响尤为重要。此外，提供更快的获得公民身份是一个先验的预算中立的政策，这不是像培训干预方案的情况。在第三部分，我们专注于移民在公共部门的就业。我们研究为什么移民，甚至第二代在这些工作中代表性不足。.我们问这是否是招聘中歧视的后果。法国公务员招聘程序的一个特殊结构为调查移民在匿名笔试和非匿名口试中的表现提供了机会。本文提出的研究与德国和法国当前的政策辩论高度相关，并将对实证经济学文献做出贡献。