STUDIES ON SPERM-EGG INTERACTIONSIN MAMMALIAN FERTILIZATION

The main results obtained for these three years are as follows.(1) Analysis of The records on highspeed video system indicated that hamster spermatozoa exhibit an increase in bend of the mid-piece与一个asymmetrical wave form at the beginning of hyperactivation following capacitation. .Onset of the acrosome反应caused a larger bend of the mid-piece region with a symmetrical waveSimilar results obtained with monkey spermatozoa虽然变化很小，但观察时spermatozoa of transgenic mouse lines，accumulate mutated green fluorescence protein in the acrosome，(2) Hyperactivation was induced with procaine in hamster andbull spermatozoa. Lysolecithin also caused simultaneous hyperactivation in guinea pig(3) Mammalian spermatozoa show sequential changes in motility, namely resting，weakly active,activated and hyperactivated. Different specific proteins, phosphorylated at each step. Uponhyperactivation a 80kda protein localized in the main part of sperm flagella was phosphorylated.(4)Ca D12+ D1和cAMP affected both amplitude and wave form of sperm flagella.这是发现theredundant nuclear envelope in the base of the flagellum serves as a Ca D12+ D1 store. theD1appears to be released to the mitochondria and to increase production of ATP to support(5) The spermatozoon passing though The zona pellucida exhibited flagella movement大型amplitude and symmetrical wave form. The movement would provide sufficient propulsiveforce to pass through the zona pellucida.(6) motility Suppression by glucose was这是found that two of light chains of dynein， motor protein for flagella motility，correspond to Tctex (t-complex) genes.(7) In addition，fertilization and pregnancy following intracytoplasmic injection of sperm or spermatogenic cells inthe mouse，等等，were also examined。

The main results obtained for these three years are as follows.(1) Analysis of the records on high speed video system indicated that hamster spermatozoa exhibit an increase in bend of the mid-piece region with an asymmetrical wave form at the beginning of hyperactivation following capacitation. Onset of the acrosome reaction caused a larger bend of the mid-piece region with a symmetrical wave form. Similar results were obtained with monkey spermatozoa, although little change was observed when spermatozoa of transgenic mouse lines, that accumulate mutated green fluorescence protein in the acrosome, were capacitated and acrosome-reacted.(2) Hyperactivation was induced with procaine in hamster and bull spermatozoa. Lysolecithin also caused simultaneous hyperactivation in guinea pig spermatozoa.(3) Mammalian spermatozoa show sequential changes in motility, namely resting, weakly active, activated and hyperactivated. Different specific proteins were phosphorylated at each step. Upon hyperactivation a 80kDa protein localized in the main part of sperm flagella was phosphorylated.(4) CaィイD12+ィエD1 and cAMP affected both amplitude and wave form of sperm flagella. It was found that the redundant nuclear envelope in the base of the flagellum serves as a CaィイD12+ィエD1 store. The CaィイD12+ィエD1appears to be released to the mitochondria and to increase production of ATP to support hyperactivation.(5) The spermatozoon passing though the zona pellucida exhibited flagella movement with large amplitude and symmetrical wave form. The movement would provide sufficient propulsive force to pass through the zona pellucida.(6) Mechanism of motility Suppression by glucose was examined. It was found that two of light chains of dynein, motor protein for flagella motility, correspond to Tctex (t-complex) genes.(7) In addition, fertilization and pregnancy following intracytoplasmic injection of sperm or spermatogenic cells in the mouse, etc., were also examined.