Investigation of Techniques for Measuring Spatial Distributions of Particles in Each Shape and/or Size and for Visualizing Velocity of Flow Instantaneously and Quantitatively

随着对各种形状和/或尺寸颗粒分布的瞬时测量研究的发展现状，国际上发展了非有效测量技术，没有像相位多普勒风速仪那样在几百μm矩形小视场中测量颗粒尺寸的差技术。然而，这项技术不能用于测量颗粒的形状。同时指出，我们发展的多路匹配空间滤波(MMSF)方法可以测量直径大于40 mm的大视场中多种形状和/或大小的粒子的空间分布和行为。为了方便地制作MMSF，利用光导塑料板开发并建立了自动、快速、简单的全息图制作技术(PPH技术)。因此，可以方便地利用最小均方根方法来测量分布和…每种形状和/或大小的粒子的更多行为。另一方面，在流速测量方面，阐明了新技术发展的研究趋势：PIV方法主要用于二维测量，很少用于三维测量，虽然PIV技术也尝试应用于三维测量。在这次调查中，澄清了以下几点。HPIV方法(全息法)能够测量流动中颗粒的位置和速度的三维分布，但目前对光传播方向的距离分辨效率较低。在PTV方法中，利用光导塑料全息图(PPH)方法自动制作全息图的技术，可以很容易地识别出为流场中的致密颗粒拍摄的颗粒轨迹的重叠图像。利用激光平行扫描系统和ICCD相机观测粒子的散射光，发展了一种测量亚微米粒子空间分布的新技术。较少

As the existing state of developmental researches for instantaneously measuring distributions of particles in each shape and/or size, non techniques for effective measurement was developed in the world, without only one of the poor technique as Phase Doppler Anemometer for measuring size of particle in the small view field like as several hundred μm rectangular. Nevertheless, the technique could not use to measure shapes of particles. While, it has been clarified that the Multiplexed Matched Spatial Filtering (MMSF) method which had been developed by us could measure the spatial distributions and behavior of particles with plural shapes and/or sizes of particles in the large view field as larger than 40 mm in diameter. In order to make MMSF easily, the technique for making hologram automatically, rapidly and simply (PPH technique), has been developed and established using Photo-conductor Plastic plate. Therefore, it makes easy to utilize MMSF method and to measure the distributions and … More behavior of particles in each shape and/or size. On the other hand, for measuring velocity of flow, it is clarified that the tendency of the study concerning development of new techniques shows that PIV method is mainly used to measure in the two dimensional measurement, and is hardly used in the three dimensional measurement, although, the PIV technique is attempted to apply for three dimensional measurement. In this investigation, followings have been clarified. HPIV method (holographic method) which can measure the three dimensional distribution of positions and velocities of particles in flow has a deficiency that the efficiency in resolution of distance for direction of optical propagation is small at present. In the PTV method, the overlapped images of loci of particles taken photograph for the dense particles in flowing field can be discriminated easily by using the technique for making hologram automatically with Photo-conductor Plastic Hologram (PPH) method. A new technique for measuring spatial distribution of submicron particles has been developed by using the system for scanning laser beam parallel and observing the scattered light from particles by ICCD camera. Less