Practice and Distribution of Folk Technology in Visayas

该项目下的这项研究旨在阐明民间技术及其知识是如何在铁匠、渔民、小商贩、祈祷和治疗师等工匠的小家庭圈子内代代相传，或从一个人传给一个人的。从宗教人类学的角度，班泰岩岛的川田调查了祈祷所拥有的被称为Orasyones的魔术词汇如何被当地人接受。这项分析发现，尽管Orasynones被理解为一种隐藏的、令人恐惧的知识，但即使是当地人也可以为了他们的方便而使用它。Siquijor中的Seki研究了如何成为一名传统的治疗师。Seki专注于治疗师的主要活动，如治愈疾病和采集草药，他得出结论，这些知识很可能是通过日常学习从家人那里传播的。从社会人类学的角度来看，莱特的Ushijima以一名从事买卖活动的铁匠为研究对象，得出结论：为了克服资金不足等财务问题，他们建立了一种独特的赞助人-客户关系，从不固定，灵活，以满足不断变化的市场对产品的需求。马杜克的Watari把重点放在一个被称为拥有造船特殊技能的村庄，发现即使在移民的地方，他们也通过标记使用自己的技能和知识成功地建立了渔业业务。从这一观察中，Watari得出结论，不同的技能使他们能够轻松地适应陌生的环境。这些发现将发表在2000年由Iwao Ushijima和Cynthia Zayas编辑的菲律宾大学第三世界研究中心的“Bisayan地点”上。

This study under the project, aims at clarifying how folk technology and its knowledge are transmitted from generation to generation, or from a person to a person, within a small family circle of artisans such as blacksmith, fishermen, small-scale-trader, prayer, and healer. From a religious anthropological point of view, Kawada in Bantayan Island, investigated how magic words known as Orasyones, owned by a prayer, could be accepted by local folks. This analysis found out that although Orasynones has been understood a hidden, scared knowledge, even local folks could use it for their convenience. Seki in Siquijor examine how to become a traditional healer. Focusing on the main activities of a healer like healing sickness and gathering herbal medicines, Seki concluded that these knowledge could be most likely transmitted through daily learning from family members. From social anthropological point of view, Ushijima in Leyte, focusing on a blacksmith involved in buy-and sell activities, arrived at a conclusion that in order to overcome financial problems like a small capital, they established a unique patron-client relationship, never fix, flexible, so as to meet changing market demand of a product. Watari in Marinduque, focusing on a village known as owing a special skill of ship-building, found out that even in a migrated place, they successfully established the fishing business by marking use of their own skill and knowledge. From this observation, Watari concluded that a differentiated skill enabled them to easily adjust to an unfamiliar environment. These finding will be published as "Bisayan Locations" from The Third World Studies Center, University of the Philippines, edited by Iwao Ushijima and Cynthia Zayas in 2000.