Vulnerability of African Peasants and Their Society

非洲农民及其社会的脆弱性

• 批准号: 09041050
• 负责人: SHIMADA Shuhei
• 金额: $ 14.85万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1997 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09041050/
• 关键词: African Peasant Farmers; Vulnerability; Political Ecology; Zambia; Tanzania; Ghana; Rwanda; Structural Adjustment Program; ガボン; ナイジェリア

African peasant farmers have various strategies to cope with uncertainty; uncertain rainfall, price fluctuations, unexpected political and economic changes. However,it is said that the rapid economic/political change in African countries since 1980s such as introduction of the Structural Adjustment Program (S.A.P.) and political democratization had unprecedented influence on peasant farmers and it has influenced on increased vulnerability of peasant farmers.In this study, we aimed to understand the nature and the changing process of vulnerability of African peasant farmers. Among factors, we put focus on the following points; access to land (land tenure system, farming system, gender issue), access to the market (influence of S.A.P.), peoples' migration (off-farm work and population movement), and mobilization of community and kinship ties. We conducted field study for three years in Zambia, Tanzania, Rwanda, Ghana and Nigeria.In Zambia, the effect of S.A.P.on farmers' vulnerability wa … More s investigated through study on household budget, migration and Dambo cultivation. In Tanzania, the role and function of group network on agricultural production has been studied; economic cooperation among household in traditional irrigation system and inter-village relationship in newly settled village. In Ghana, peasant farmers who producing exportable cash crops such as cocoa and pineapple have been interviewed from the point of labor, land and gender. The role of informal sectors were also studied. The study in Rwanda and Nigeria shows the big impact of political disturbances and economic recession.Many papers and books have been published as a results of this study. Some of these papers are bounded with other new papers as The Research Report. In this study, we have found out some of new coping strategies of peasant farmers which should be paid more attentions. But at the same time, it has become clear that the increased vulnerability had become more important issue for the study of African peasant farmers. Less

非洲农民有各种科普不确定性的战略;不确定的降雨、价格波动、意外的政治和经济变化。但是，据说，自1980年代以来，非洲国家的经济/政治迅速变化，如实行结构调整方案（S. A. P.），本研究旨在了解非洲农民脆弱性的本质及其变化过程。在这些因素中，我们重点关注以下几点：获得土地的机会（土地保有制度、耕作制度、性别问题）、进入市场的机会（社会行动方案的影响），人口迁移（非农工作和人口流动）以及社区和亲属关系的动员。我们在赞比亚、坦桑尼亚、卢旺达、加纳和尼日利亚进行了为期三年的实地研究。 ...更多信息 通过对家庭预算、移民和Dambo种植的研究进行了调查。在坦桑尼亚，研究了群体网络在农业生产中的作用和功能，传统灌溉系统中家庭间的经济合作和新定居村庄的村际关系。在加纳，从劳动力、土地和性别的角度采访了生产可可和菠萝等可出口经济作物的农民。还研究了非正规部门的作用。对卢旺达和尼日利亚的研究表明，政治动荡和经济衰退对妇女的影响很大，许多论文和书籍都是这项研究的成果。其中一些论文与其他新论文合订，如《研究报告》。通过研究，我们发现了一些新的应对策略，值得关注。但与此同时，很明显，脆弱性的增加已成为研究非洲农民的更重要问题。少

项目成果

S. Shimada: "Searching for New Frontier in the study on Rural Africa -From the Political Ecological Point of View J. Ikeno ed. "Serch for reality of changingl rural Africa""I. D. E. Tokyo. 254 (1999)

S. Shimada：“寻找非洲农村研究的新前沿——从政治生态学的角度来看” J. Ikeno 编的“寻找不断变化的非洲农村的现实”I.

高根 務: "ガーナのココア生産農民-小農輸出作物生産の社会的側面"アジア経済研究所. 262 (1999)

Tsutomu Takane：“加纳的可可农民 - 小农场出口作物生产的社会方面”，发展中经济研究所 262 (1999)。

T. Takane: "Indigenous land tenure systems and agricultural development"Journal of Agricultural Development Studies.. 9-1. 11-24 (1998)

T. Takane：“土著土地保有制度与农业发展”农业发展研究杂志.. 9-1。

S. Takeuchi: "Traders and capital accumulation in imperfect foodstuff markets: the case of Congo (Brassaville), J. Ikeno ed., Re-examining the informal sector in Africa"I. D. E. Tokyo. 251 (1998)

S. Takeuchi：“不完善的食品市场中的贸易商和资本积累：刚果（布拉萨维尔）的案例，J. Ikeno 编辑，重新审视非洲的非正规部门”I.

島田周平: "人工大国ナイジェリアの謎" 統計. 48-3. 17-23 (1997)

Shuhei Shimada：“尼日利亚之谜，人工力量”统计48-3 17-23。