Evaluation in Preventive Medicine

预防医学评价

• 批准号: 10045075
• 负责人: YAMAOKA Kazue
• 金额: $ 1.54万
• 依托单位: Teikyo University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C).
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10045075/
• 关键词: Evidence Based Medicine; evaluation; workplace health examination; liver function tests; urine glucose; sensitivity; high risk strategy; population strategy; 職域健診

The theme "Evaluation in Preventive Medicine" can be paraphrased as "Evidence Based Medicine in Prevention." Having made remarkable achievements against tuberculosis, prevention in Japan seems to have shifted too much to secondary prevention. However, in the present study, Khaw contrasted two preventive strategies: high risk approach and population approach and pointed out several limitations of the former. She concluded that reducing levels of risk in the whole population by lifestyle or environmental changes would have substantially greater potential benefit. In addition, Christiani reported that the US Task Force for Preventive Services evaluated many examination items for periodic health checkups and made weighted recommendations. When the results are simply applied to the mandatory examination items in the workplace in Japan, most of the items do not have sufficient evidence. In fact, when Yano evaluated the screening program in Japan, he found very poor sensitivity of the mandato … More ry liver function tests and common practice of inappropriate way of urine glucose examination. Bates discussed using computers to provide decision support in medicine, with a special focus on moving towards the practice of evidence-based medicine. He suggested that for quality measurement to be practical, it has to be integrated with provision of routine care, suggesting that information systems should be used whenever possible to gather important data as care is provided. While huge volume of information in preventive medicine has been produced in Japan, their utilization has not been very much discussed, To achieve further utilization of the results of current periodic health examinations Yamaoka demonstrated her trial based on two procedures: (1) A population strategy to detect health related characteristics in a small group and (2) Evaluation using Individual Difference Quotient. Brain made a concluding remark by emphasizing the importance of public health mind in medicine to achieve Evidence Based Medicine. Less

“预防医学评价”的主题可以改写为“循证医学预防”。在防治结核病方面取得了显著成就之后，日本的预防工作似乎过多地转向了二级预防。然而，在本研究中，Khaw对比了两种预防策略：高风险方法和人群方法，并指出了前者的一些局限性。她的结论是，通过改变生活方式或环境来降低整个人群的风险水平，将有更大的潜在益处。此外，Christiani报告说，美国预防服务工作组评估了许多定期健康检查的检查项目，并提出了加权建议。当结果简单地应用到日本工作场所的强制性考试项目时，大多数项目都没有足够的证据。事实上，当矢野在评估日本的筛查方案时，他发现强制性的敏感性非常差…更多的是肝功能检查和尿糖检查的常见方法不恰当。贝茨讨论了使用计算机为医学提供决策支持，并特别关注了循证医学的实践。他建议，要使质量测量切实可行，就必须将其与日常护理的提供结合起来，并建议在提供护理时尽可能使用信息系统来收集重要数据。为了进一步利用目前定期健康检查的结果，Yamaoka展示了她基于两个程序的试验：(1)在小群体中检测健康相关特征的人口策略和(2)使用个体差异商进行评估。布莱恩在结束语中强调了公共卫生思想在医学中实现循证医学的重要性。少

项目成果

T.Shinozaki, K.Yamaoka, E,Yano: "Validity of urinary glucose test for diabetes screening in workplace regular medical checkups"Jpn J Public Health Care-Toward Evidence Based Medicine. 46(9). 790-798 (1998)

T.Sinozaki、K.Yamaoka、E、Yano：“工作场所定期体检中尿糖检测对糖尿病筛查的有效性”Jpn J Public Health Care-走向循证医学。

矢野栄二,小林廉毅,山岡和枝: "Evidence Based Medicineによる健康診断"医学書院. 168 (1999)

Eiji Yano、Renki Kobayashi、Kazue Yamaoka：“使用循证医学进行健康诊断”Igaku Shoin 168 (1999)。

篠崎敏明、山岡和枝、矢野栄二: "定期健康診断における尿糖検査の糖尿病、スクリーニングとしての有効性"日本公衆衛生雑誌. 46・9. 790-798 (1999)

Toshiaki Shinozaki、Kazue Yamaoka、Eiji Yano：“定期健康检查中尿糖检测作为糖尿病筛查工具的有效性”《日本公共卫生杂志》46・9（1999）。

矢野栄二: "医療と保健における評価-Toward Evidence Based Medicine-"南江堂洋書部. 264 (1999)

Eiji Yano：“医疗保健和健康评估 - 走向循证医学 -” Nankodo Yoshobu 264 (1999)。

篠崎敏明,山岡和枝,矢野栄二: "定期健康診断における尿糖検査の糖尿病、スクリーニングとしての有効性"日本公衆衛生雑誌. 46巻9号. 790-798 (1999)

Toshiaki Shinozaki、Kazue Yamaoka、Eiji Yano：“尿糖检测在糖尿病定期健康检查和筛查中的有效性”，《日本公共卫生杂志》，第 46 卷，第 9 期，790-798（1999 年）。