Evaluation in Preventive Medicine

主题“预防医学的评价”可以解释为“预防中的循证医学”。“日本在防治结核病方面取得了显著成就，但预防工作似乎过多地转向二级预防。然而，在目前的研究中，Kandy对比了两种预防策略：高风险方法和人群方法，并指出了前者的一些局限性。她的结论是，通过改变生活方式或环境来降低整个人口的风险水平，将产生更大的潜在效益。此外，Christiani报告说，美国预防服务工作组对定期健康检查的许多检查项目进行了评估，并提出了加权建议。当该结果简单地适用于日本工作场所的强制检查项目时，大多数项目都没有足够的证据。事实上，当矢野评估日本的筛查项目时，他发现曼达托的敏感性非常差 关于我们 肝功能检查和尿糖检查方式不当的常见做法。贝茨讨论了使用计算机提供医学决策支持，特别关注循证医学的实践。他建议，为了使质量衡量切实可行，必须将其与提供常规护理相结合，并建议在提供护理时尽可能使用信息系统收集重要数据。虽然日本已经产生了大量的预防医学信息，但它们的利用尚未得到太多讨论，为了进一步利用当前定期健康检查的结果，山冈展示了基于两个程序的试验：（1）检测健康的人口策略在一个小群体中与健康相关的特征和（2）使用个体差异商进行评估。Brain最后强调了公共卫生意识在医学中的重要性，以实现循证医学。少

The theme "Evaluation in Preventive Medicine" can be paraphrased as "Evidence Based Medicine in Prevention." Having made remarkable achievements against tuberculosis, prevention in Japan seems to have shifted too much to secondary prevention. However, in the present study, Khaw contrasted two preventive strategies: high risk approach and population approach and pointed out several limitations of the former. She concluded that reducing levels of risk in the whole population by lifestyle or environmental changes would have substantially greater potential benefit. In addition, Christiani reported that the US Task Force for Preventive Services evaluated many examination items for periodic health checkups and made weighted recommendations. When the results are simply applied to the mandatory examination items in the workplace in Japan, most of the items do not have sufficient evidence. In fact, when Yano evaluated the screening program in Japan, he found very poor sensitivity of the mandato … More ry liver function tests and common practice of inappropriate way of urine glucose examination. Bates discussed using computers to provide decision support in medicine, with a special focus on moving towards the practice of evidence-based medicine. He suggested that for quality measurement to be practical, it has to be integrated with provision of routine care, suggesting that information systems should be used whenever possible to gather important data as care is provided. While huge volume of information in preventive medicine has been produced in Japan, their utilization has not been very much discussed, To achieve further utilization of the results of current periodic health examinations Yamaoka demonstrated her trial based on two procedures: (1) A population strategy to detect health related characteristics in a small group and (2) Evaluation using Individual Difference Quotient. Brain made a concluding remark by emphasizing the importance of public health mind in medicine to achieve Evidence Based Medicine. Less