Adult Social Networks and Well Being

项目总结 拟议中的项目将极大地促进对新冠肺炎相关影响的了解 关于孤立、孤独、饮酒、饮酒后果和精神健康的缓解策略 通过使用社会网络分析来调查隔离和个人网络如何影响身体健康 与久而久之的饮酒模式有关。众所周知，孤独和孤独都会对一系列问题产生负面影响 健康结果和健康行为的影响；而延长新冠肺炎相关的在家服务订单将会增加 与世隔绝，还不清楚他们会对孤独或其他确定的结果产生什么影响，哪些群体 最容易受到负面结果的影响，或者酒精使用的变化是暂时的还是长期的。 酒精研究和预防领域可能会从新方法的使用中看到实质性的好处 开发模型的技术，这些模型可以更清楚地了解物理隔离的方式 以及相关的缓解策略影响成人饮酒。 具体地说，拟议的项目将：1)评估物理隔离中与新冠肺炎相关的变化， 孤独感和社会支持交换(情感支持和工具性支持)与 全国代表性人群的心理健康、身体健康和酒精使用的变化及其后果 N=1,771名30-80岁的样本；2)确定一系列结构和行为的相对重要性 心理健康、身体健康和饮酒变化的个人网络特征 新冠肺炎期间的后果；以及3)检查与新冠肺炎相关的变化在物理隔离中的作用， 孤独感和社会支持对心理健康、身体健康、饮酒和后果差异的影响 按性别、种族/族裔和成年寿命两个阶段(中期和后期)的经济状况分列 生活)，并确定哪些成年人更具弹性，而不是更容易受到新冠肺炎相关影响的影响。 为此，我们建议在我们正在收集的R01AA025956数据中增加两项调查，具体而言 考察新冠肺炎在身体隔离、孤独感、社会支持、个人和网络方面的变化 酒精使用和酒精使用结果。有了这个额外的数据收集，我们将有五波关于 这些措施跨越COVID大流行的关键阶段：前COVID(父项目第一波，反映 2019年4月行为)，早期-COVID(父项目第二波，反映2020年4月-在距离推广期间 指南)、中期和后期COVID(2项补充调查：2020年8月和2021年2月，可能在宽松期间 目前的限制)和后COVID(父项目第三波，反映2021年4月)。 这项研究将为孤立、孤独和社会支持在饮酒中的作用提供新的见解， 以及相关的与健康有关的差距，这是基于以下基础的与大流行有关的缓解战略 与世隔绝。此外，这项研究的数据最终将公之于众，其他研究人员将 还能够继续对同一小组进行调查，为科学界提供持续的资源。

PROJECT SUMMARY The proposed project will significantly advance the understanding of the impact of COVID-19 related mitigation strategies on isolation, loneliness, alcohol use, alcohol use consequences, and mental health and physical health outcomes by using social network analysis to investigate how isolation and personal networks are related to patterns of drinking over time. Isolation and loneliness are both known to negatively impact a range of health outcomes and health behaviors; while prolonged COVID-19 related stay-at-home orders will increase isolation, it is unknown what impact they will have on loneliness or the other identified outcomes, which groups will be most susceptible to negative outcomes, or whether changes in alcohol use will be temporary or long lived. The fields of alcohol research and prevention may see substantial benefit from the use of novel methodological techniques to develop models that may provide a clearer understanding of the ways in which physical isolation and related mitigation strategies impact adult drinking. Specifically, the proposed project will: 1) assess how COVID-19 related changes in physical isolation, perceptions of loneliness, and social support exchanges (emotional and instrumental support) are linked to changes in mental health, physical health, and alcohol use and consequences in a nationally representative sample of N=1,771 30-80 year olds; 2) determine the relative importance of a range of structural and behavioral personal network characteristics on changes in mental health, physical health, and alcohol use and consequences during COVID-19; and 3) examine the role of COVID-19 related changes in physical isolation, loneliness, and social support on mental health, physical health, and alcohol use and consequences disparities by sex, race/ethnicity and economic status within and across two stages of the adult lifespan (mid- and later- life), and identify adults who are more resilient versus vulnerable to COVID-19 related impacts. To do so, we propose to add two surveys to our ongoing data collection for R01AA025956 that specifically examine COVID-19 related changes in physical isolation, loneliness, social support, personal and network alcohol use, and alcohol use outcomes. With this additional data collection, we will have five waves of data on these measures, spanning critical phases of the COVID pandemic: pre-COVID (Parent project Wave 1, reflecting April 2019 behaviors), early-COVID (Parent project Wave 2, reflecting April 2020 – during the rollout of distancing guidelines), mid- and late-COVID (2 supplemental surveys: August 2020 and February 2021, likely during easing of current restrictions), and post-COVID (Parent project Wave 3, reflecting April 2021). The study will provide new insights into the role of isolation, loneliness, and social support on alcohol use, and associated health-related disparities, subsequent to pandemic-related mitigation strategies based on isolation. Additionally, data from the study will eventually be made publicly available and other researchers will also be able to continue to survey the same panel, providing an ongoing resource for the scientific community.