Friendship Networks and Alcohol Use in Adolescence and Young Adulthood

青春期和青年时期的友谊网络和饮酒

• 批准号: 7777430
• 负责人: MICHAEL SEAN POLLARD
• 金额: $ 18.74万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-03-01 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7777430
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Attitude; Behavior; Characteristics; Child; Computer software; Data; Detection; Development; Ethnic group; Family; Friends; Friendships; Future; Gender; Graph; Group Identifications; Health; Home environment; Intervention; Interview; Long-Term Effects; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Methods; Modeling; Neighborhoods; Pathway Analysis; Pattern; Peer Group; Play; Population Heterogeneity; Predisposition; Prevention; Prevention program; Problem behavior; Questionnaires; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Sampling; Schools; Social Environment; Social Network; Staging; Strategic Planning; Structure; Techniques; Time; Triad Acrylic Resin; adolescent alcohol; alcohol research; anti social; base; density; drinking; drinking behavior; innovation; longitudinal design; novel; peer; peer influence; programs; psychosocial; public health relevance; racial and ethnic; social; theories; underage drinking; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project will apply a new method of social network analysis to study youth drinking behavior from adolescence into young adulthood and its determinants across gender and racial/ethnic groups. Peer influence plays a central role in theories of adolescent drinking, and is a primary focus of most adolescent prevention programs. However, limitations in the research on peers and drinking preclude drawing strong conclusions about the role of peer relationships as a contributing factor to youth drinking. Researchers have used social network analysis to identify global friendship structures (cliques, liaisons, isolates) and local structures (dyads) to examine theories of peer influence. However, group detection methods such as the standard NEGOPY fail to examine the building blocks of these peer groups, and have virtually ignored the fact that other kinds of network structures (such as triads) affect children's susceptibility to influence or their development of attitudes and behaviors. We propose to apply a more sophisticated approach using the exponential family of random graph distributions, known as p*, to demonstrate how adolescent friendship structures are composed of dyads, triads, tetrads (i.e., groups of four) and possibly larger entities; and how peer effects such as selection and influence can be examined simultaneously within these structures - features that the current group detection methods do not share. Our project has three specific aims: 1. Determine the extent to which friendship networks influence drinking and drinking influences friendship selection using longitudinal friendship data; and evaluate the long-term impact of peer influences on drinking over a 6-year period. A comparison of the standard group identification method (NEGOPY) and the novel p* method will determine whether the latter perspective provides a different, more sophisticated understanding of the mechanisms associated with social influence and social selection. 2. Investigate how different types of peer influence (e.g., best friend, romantic partner, close friends, friends of friends, whole school) are concurrently and prospectively associated with youth drinking behavior; and explore whether these associations are moderated by key network structure characteristics (i.e., size, density). 3. Identify adolescents who are more resilient versus vulnerable to different types of pro-drinking peer influences (from Aims 1 and 2), focusing on characteristics from four domains: personal factors; school factors; family factors; and neighborhood factors. Longitudinal friendship network data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent will be used; it is the largest study of adolescent friendship networks ever conducted, as well as the only one with a nationally representative sample. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study will inform programs that target adolescent alcohol use by providing empirical findings about the long-term effects of adolescent friendship networks on future alcohol use. The project will highlight the appropriate mechanisms to target for prevention and health - peer selection and/or peer influence - and identify groups most susceptible to each mechanism.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的项目将采用社会网络分析的新方法来研究青少年从青春期到青年期的饮酒行为及其跨性别和种族/民族群体的决定因素。同伴影响在青少年饮酒理论中起着核心作用，也是大多数青少年预防计划的主要焦点。然而，在同龄人和饮酒的研究的局限性排除得出强有力的结论，同龄人的关系作为一个促成因素，青年饮酒的作用。研究人员使用社会网络分析来识别全球友谊结构（小集团，联络人，孤立）和本地结构（二元），以检验同伴影响力的理论。然而，诸如标准NEGOPY的群体检测方法未能检查这些同伴群体的组成部分，并且实际上忽略了其他类型的网络结构（如三合会）影响儿童对影响的敏感性或他们的态度和行为的发展。我们建议应用一种更复杂的方法，使用随机图分布的指数族，称为p*，来证明青少年友谊结构是如何由二分体、三分体、四分体组成的（即，四人组）和可能更大的实体;以及如何在这些结构中同时检查选择和影响等同伴效应-目前的组检测方法不具备的特征。我们的项目有三个具体目标：1。使用纵向友谊数据确定友谊网络影响饮酒和饮酒影响友谊选择的程度;并评估同龄人对饮酒的影响在6年内的长期影响。标准的群体识别方法（NEGOPY）和新的p* 方法的比较将确定后一种观点是否提供了一个不同的，更复杂的理解与社会影响和社会选择的机制。2.调查不同类型的对等体如何影响（例如，最好的朋友、浪漫的伴侣、亲密的朋友、朋友的朋友、整个学校）与青少年饮酒行为同时并前瞻性地相关;并探索这些关联是否受关键网络结构特征（即，尺寸、密度）。3.确定青少年谁是更有弹性与易受不同类型的亲饮酒同伴的影响（从目标1和2），侧重于四个领域的特征：个人因素;学校因素;家庭因素;和邻里因素。将使用来自全国青少年纵向研究的纵向友谊网络数据;这是有史以来对青少年友谊网络进行的最大规模的研究，也是唯一具有全国代表性样本的研究。 公共卫生关系：这项研究将通过提供有关青少年友谊网络对未来酒精使用的长期影响的经验发现，为针对青少年酒精使用的项目提供信息。该项目将突出预防和保健的适当机制-同侪选择和/或同侪影响-并确定最易受每种机制影响的群体。