Implications of sequential bloodmeals on arbovirus transmission by mosquitoes

连续血粉对蚊子传播虫媒病毒的影响

• 批准号: 10163124
• 负责人: Philip M. Armstrong
• 金额: $ 29.34万
• 依托单位: CONNECTICUT AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-12 至 2025-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10163124
• 关键词: Address; Aedes; Alphavirus; Anatomy; Arbovirus Infections; Arboviruses; Arthropod Vectors; Basal lamina; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Biology; Biophysics; Blood; Chikungunya virus; Communities; Competence; Culex (Genus); Culicidae; Data; Dengue Virus; Disease Outbreaks; Entomology; Epidemic; Expenditure; Feeding behaviors; Flaviviridae; Flavivirus; Goals; Health; Human; Infection; Intervention; La Crosse virus; Laboratories; Mediating; Midgut; Oogenesis; Ovarian; Ovarian Tissue; Ovary; Phenotype; Population; Process; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Readiness; Research; Risk; Risk Estimate; Role; Testing; Time; Tissue Harvesting; Togaviridae; Vertical Disease Transmission; Viral; Virus; West Nile virus; Yellow fever virus; ZIKV infection; Zika Virus; arthropod-borne; base; behavior influence; disorder risk; feeding; human disease; human pathogen; mosquito-borne; novel; pathogen; success; transmission process; vector; vector competence; vector mosquito; vector transmission

Brackney & Armstrong Abstract: Aedes aegypti is the primary vector for a number of human pathogens, including dengue virus (DENV; Flaviviridae, Flavivirus), Zika virus (ZIKV; Flaviviridae, Flavivirus), chikungunya virus (CHIKV; Togaviridae, Alphavirus) and yellow fever virus (YFV; Flaviviridae, Flavivirus), all of which present a continued threat to human health worldwide. Understanding the endemic and epidemic risk of these arthropod-borne (arbo-) viruses is critical to the success of public health preparedness and intervention. One key entomological parameter informing risk estimates is vector competence (how able a mosquito is to become infected and transmit an arbovirus; VC). Quantifying the competency of local vector populations can help inform the risk that any one pathogen poses to a given community. This is often quantified in the laboratory by exposing populations of local mosquitoes to an infectious bloodmeal and harvesting tissues at set time-points post infection. While informative, this approach often fails to consider the biology and behavior of the vector mosquito. For example, it is known that wild Ae. aegypti mosquitoes will imbibe several bloodmeals over the course of a traditional laboratory-based vector competence study (e.g. bloodmeal every two to three days). To address these shortcomings, we recently began examining the effects that multiple blood feeding episodes have on the competency of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes for ZIKV. Our preliminary findings reveal that providing a second non-infectious bloodmeal to ZIKV infected Ae. aegypti mosquitoes enhances viral escape from the midgut and significantly shortens the duration between mosquito acquisition of ZIKV to transmission. In this application we will examine the effects that multiple bloodfeeding episodes have on arbovirus infection of and transmission by vector mosquitoes. Specifically, we will be 1) testing this phenomenon in other virus-vector pairings, 2) evaluating the role of the midgut basal lamina in mediating the double-feed phenotype and 3) determining if similar processes are mediating the ability of arboviruses to infect ovarian tissue and be transmitted vertically.

布莱克尼-阿姆斯特朗 摘要： 埃及伊蚊是许多人类病原体的主要载体，包括登革热病毒（DENV; 黄病毒科，黄病毒），寨卡病毒（ZIKV;黄病毒科，黄病毒），基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV;披膜病毒科， 甲病毒）和黄热病病毒（YFV;黄病毒科，黄病毒），所有这些都对人类的健康构成持续威胁。 全球人类健康。了解这些节肢动物传播的地方病和流行病的风险（arbo-） 病毒对于公共卫生准备和干预的成功至关重要。一个关键的昆虫学 风险评估的参数是病媒能力（蚊子如何能够被感染， 传播虫媒病毒; VC）。对当地病媒种群的能力进行量化可有助于告知以下风险： 任何一种病原体都会对特定社区造成影响。这通常在实验室中通过暴露 在设定的时间点后， 感染虽然信息量很大，但这种方法往往没有考虑到载体的生物学和行为 蚊子例如，已知野生Ae.埃及蚊子会在地面上吸几次血， 传统的实验室病媒能力研究过程（例如每两到三天一次血粉）。到 为了解决这些缺点，我们最近开始研究多次吸血事件的影响， 有能力的人。ZIKV的埃及蚊子。我们的初步研究结果显示， 第二次非感染性血粉对ZIKV感染的Ae.埃及蚊子增强病毒逃逸 ZIKV的传播可以通过中肠传播，并显著缩短蚊子获得ZIKV到传播之间的持续时间。在这 应用程序，我们将研究多次吸血事件对虫媒病毒感染和 通过病媒蚊子传播。具体来说，我们将1）在其他病毒载体中测试这种现象 配对，2）评估中肠基膜在介导双饲料表型中的作用，以及3） 确定是否有类似的过程介导虫媒病毒感染卵巢组织的能力， 垂直传输。