The organizing principle of grouped olfactory receptor neurons

分组嗅觉受体神经元的组织原理

• 批准号: 10197096
• 负责人: Chih-Ying Su
• 金额: $ 23.7万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-07-01 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10197096
• 关键词: Address; Afferent Neurons; Agreement; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Assay; Biological; Biological Assay; Biology; Brain; Characteristics; Complex; Coupling; Courtship; Data; Drosophila genus; Exhibits; Female; Genetic; Goals; Grouping; Individual; Knowledge; Lateral; Light; Literature; Logic; Maps; Mediating; Modeling; Nature; Negative Valence; Neurons; Odors; Olfactory Pathways; Olfactory Receptor Neurons; Olfactory tract; Organism; Output; Oviposition; Peripheral; Positive Valence; Process; Publishing; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Rodent; Role; Sensory; Sensory Hair; Series; Signal Transduction; Smell Perception; Stereotyping; Stimulus; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Work; base; egg; experimental study; extracellular; fly; hedonic; insight; male; optogenetics; preference; receptor; sensory system

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT The goal of this project is to determine the organizing principle underlying olfactory receptor neuron (ORN) grouping in the antennal sensory hairs of Drosophila. For most sensory systems, neurons are arranged in an ordered manner to form topographic representations of stimuli from the external world. Understanding the organizing principle of such maps is critical for deciphering the nature of salient features that are extracted from parallel inputs through lateral inhibition. However in olfaction, whether and how neurons are organized into a sensory map remains largely unclear. In both rodents and flies, it is reported that neighboring glomeruli do not necessarily respond to similar odorants. In the absence of a chemotopic map, what then is the organizing principle for the olfactory system? To address this complex question, the research outlined here leverages the powerful genetic toolkit and tractable olfactory system of Drosophila. The general hypothesis— that ORNs are organized in the periphery based on the hedonic value of their detected odors to form a valence map—will be tested via systematic behavioral assays with optogenetic or thermogenetic activation of select receptor neurons. The proposal’s first aim is to determine the generality of the observation that in the same sensory hair, compartmentalized ORNs mediate opposing behavior—with attraction elicited by activation of the large-spike ORN(s) and aversion by the small-spike neighbor(s). The remaining aims propose to examine this organizing principle in sensory hairs implicated in regulating female egg-laying (Aim 2) or male courtship behavior (Aim 3). Successful execution of the proposal will likely bridge a longstanding knowledge gap in sensory biology by revealing, for the first time, olfactory maps within a complex organism.

项目概要/摘要 该项目的目标是确定嗅觉受体神经元 (ORN) 的组织原理 聚集在果蝇的触角感觉毛中。对于大多数感觉系统，神经元排列成 以有序的方式形成来自外部世界的刺激的地形表征。了解 此类地图的组织原则对于破译所提取的显着特征的性质至关重要 通过横向抑制的平行输入。然而，在嗅觉中，神经元是否以及如何组织 进入感官地图在很大程度上仍不清楚。据报道，在啮齿动物和苍蝇中，邻近的肾小球 不一定对类似的气味有反应。在没有化学位图的情况下，什么是 嗅觉系统的组织原理？为了解决这个复杂的问题，这里概述的研究 利用果蝇强大的遗传工具包和易于处理的嗅觉系统。一般假设—— ORN 根据其检测到的气味的享乐值在外围进行组织以形成价 地图 - 将通过系统行为分析进行测试，并选择光遗传学或热遗传学激活 受体神经元。该提案的首要目标是确定观察结果的普遍性，即在同一情况下 在感觉毛发中，分隔的 ORN 介导相反的行为——通过激活 大尖峰 ORN 和小尖峰邻居的厌恶。其余目标建议对此进行审查 与调节雌性产卵（目标 2）或雄性求偶有关的感觉毛的组织原理 行为（目标 3）。该提案的成功执行可能会弥合长期存在的知识差距 感官生物学，首次揭示复杂有机体内的嗅觉图。

项目成果

Mating increases Drosophila melanogaster females' choosiness by reducing olfactory sensitivity to a male pheromone.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41559-021-01482-4
• 发表时间: 2021-08
• 期刊: NATURE ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
• 影响因子: 16.8
• 作者: Kohlmeier, Philip;Zhang, Ye;Gorter, Jenke A.;Su, Chih-Ying;Billeter, Jean-Christophe
• 通讯作者: Billeter, Jean-Christophe

Valence opponency in peripheral olfactory processing.

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2120134119
• 发表时间: 2022-02-01
• 期刊: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
• 影响因子: 11.1
• 作者: Wu ST;Chen JY;Martin V;Ng R;Zhang Y;Grover D;Greenspan RJ;Aljadeff J;Su CY
• 通讯作者: Su CY

Systematic morphological and morphometric analysis of identified olfactory receptor neurons in Drosophila melanogaster.

• DOI: 10.7554/elife.69896
• 发表时间: 2021-08-23
• 期刊: eLife
• 影响因子: 7.7
• 作者: Nava Gonzales C;McKaughan Q;Bushong EA;Cauwenberghs K;Ng R;Madany M;Ellisman MH;Su CY
• 通讯作者: Su CY