Understanding Risk of Zoonotic Virus Emergence in EID Hotspots of Southeast Asia

了解东南亚 EID 热点地区人畜共患病毒出现的风险

• 批准号: 10196938
• 负责人: Peter Daszak
• 金额: $ 150.56万
• 依托单位: ECOHEALTH ALLIANCE, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-17 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10196938
• 关键词: Animal Model; Animals; Archives; Asia; Asians; Behavioral; Biological; Biological Assay; Biology; Cell Culture Techniques; China; Chiroptera; Clinic; Clinical; Clinical Management; Collaborations; Collection; Communicable Diseases; Communities; Country; Dangerousness; Data; Data Analyses; Demography; Development; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Emerging Communicable Diseases; Encephalitis; Enrollment; Epidemiology; Etiology; Event; Exposure to; Family; Family suidae; Far East; Frequencies; Geography; Goals; Hospitals; Human; Human Resources; In Vitro; Infection; Infectious Diseases Research; Influenza; Institution; International; Investigation; Laboratory Research; Leadership; Link; Livestock; Malaysian; Mammals; Metadata; Modeling; Molecular; Mus; Nipah Virus; Occupational; Pathogenicity; Pathway interactions; Patients; Phylogenetic Analysis; Population; Primates; Probability; Questionnaires; Reagent; Research; Research Institute; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Rodent; Rural Community; Sampling; Scientist; Series; Serodiagnoses; Serology; Serology test; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome; Singapore; Southeastern Asia; Surveys; Symptoms; Syndrome; System; Taxonomy; Technology; Testing; Thailand; Translational Research; Viral; Virus; Work; Zoonoses; cohort; community clinic; design; diagnostic assay; experience; experimental study; follow-up; fundamental research; high risk; human data; humanized mouse; in vivo; influenza outbreak; influenza virus strain; intervention program; multidisciplinary; novel; novel coronavirus; novel virus; pandemic disease; pathogen; pathogenic virus; receptor binding; respiratory; scale up; serosurvey; southeast Asian; syndromic surveillance; transmission process

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Southeast Asia is one of the world’s highest-risk EID hotspots, the origin of the SARS pandemic, Nipah virus, and repeated outbreaks of influenza. This is driven by high diversity of wildlife and rapidly expanding demography that brings human and wildlife populations closer. This proposal will launch the Emerging Infectious Diseases - South East Asia Research Collaboration Hub (EID-SEARCH), a collaboration among leaders in emerging disease research in the USA, Thailand, Singapore and the 3 major Malaysian administrative regions. These researchers have networks that span >50 clinics, laboratories and research institutions across almost all SE Asian countries and will use the EID-SEARCH as an early warning system for outbreaks involving exchange of information, reagents, samples and technology, and a collaborative power- house for fundamental and translational research. The EID-SEARCH will also act as a significant asset to scale-up and deploy resources in the case of an outbreak in the region. This EIDRC will conduct research to: 1) Identify, characterize and rank spillover risk of high zoonotic potential viruses from wildlife, by analyzing previously-archived wildlife samples, conducting targeted wildlife surveillance, and using serology & PCR assays to identify novel viruses. These will be characterized to assess risk of spillover to people, and a series of in vitro (receptor binding, cell culture) and in vivo (humanized mouse and collaborative cross models) assays used to assess their potential to infect people and cause disease; 2) Collect samples and questionnaire data from human communities that live in EID hotspots and have high cultural and behavioral risk of animal exposure (e.g. wildlife hunting, bat guano collection). These will be tested with serological assays to identify evidence of novel virus spillover, and analyzed against metadata to identify key risk pathways for transmission; 3) Identify and characterize viral etiology of ‘cryptic’ outbreaks in clinical cohorts. We will conduct syndromic surveillance at clinics serving the populations in Aim 2, enroll patients with undiagnosed illness and symptoms consistent with emerging viral pathogens, and test samples with molecular and follow-up serological assays to identify causal links between these syndromes and novel viruses. This research will advance our understanding of the risk of novel viral emergence in a uniquely important region. It will also strengthen in-country research capacity by linking local infectious disease scientists with an international collaborative network that has proven capacity to conduct this work and produce significant findings. The large body of high impact collaborative research from this EIDRC leadership team provides proof-of-concept that EID-SEARCH has the background, collaborative network, experience, and skillset to act as a unique early warning system for novel EIDs of any etiology threatening to emerge in this hottest of the EID hotspots.

项目总结/摘要 东南亚是世界上风险最高的EID热点地区之一，SARS大流行的起源，尼帕病毒， 以及流感的反复爆发。这是由野生动物的高度多样性和快速扩张所驱动的 使人类和野生动物的数量更加接近。该提案将启动新兴的 传染病-东南亚研究合作中心（EID-PLAN）， 美国、泰国、新加坡和马来西亚3大新兴疾病研究的领导者 行政区域这些研究人员拥有跨越50个诊所、实验室和研究机构的网络 几乎所有东南亚国家的机构，并将使用EID-EIDs作为早期预警系统， 涉及信息、试剂、样本和技术交流的疫情，以及协作力量- 用于基础和转化研究。EID-EML还将作为一项重要资产， 在该区域爆发疫情的情况下扩大规模并部署资源。EIDRC将进行研究 目的：1）通过分析野生动物中高度人畜共患病潜在病毒的溢出风险， 以前存档的野生动物样本，进行有针对性的野生动物监测，并使用血清学和PCR 鉴定新病毒的试验。这些将被描述为评估对人的溢出风险，以及一系列 体外（受体结合、细胞培养）和体内（人源化小鼠和协作交叉模型）试验 用于评估它们感染人类和引起疾病的潜力; 2）收集样本和问卷数据 来自生活在EID热点地区的人类社区，这些社区的动物文化和行为风险很高， 接触（例如野生动物狩猎、蝙蝠粪便收集）。这些将通过血清学试验进行检测， 新病毒溢出的证据，并根据元数据进行分析，以确定传播的主要风险途径; 3)确定和表征临床队列中“隐性”爆发的病毒病因。我们将进行综合征 在为目标2中的人群服务的诊所进行监测，招募患有未确诊疾病和症状的患者 与新出现的病毒病原体一致，并对检测样本进行分子和后续血清学检测， 确定这些综合征和新型病毒之间的因果关系。 这项研究将推进我们对新病毒出现风险的理解，这是一个独特的重要领域。 地区它还将通过联系当地传染病科学家来加强国内研究能力 拥有国际合作网络，已证明有能力开展这项工作， 重大发现。来自EIDRC领导团队的大量高影响力合作研究 提供了概念验证，证明EID-ESTA具有背景、协作网络、经验， 作为一个独特的早期预警系统的技能，任何病因的新EID威胁出现在 这是开斋节最热的地方