Industrywide Exposure Assessment Study of Workers Exposed to Graphene and other Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials

接触石墨烯和其他二维纳米材料的工人的全行业暴露评估研究

• 批准号: 10282073
• 负责人: Elizabeth Whelan
• 金额: $ 19.09万
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10282073
• 关键词: Adverse effects; Aerosols; Agreement; Area; Boron; COVID-19; Caliber; Carbon; Characteristics; Chemicals; Complement; Data; Databases; Development; Disulfides; Electronic Mail; Electronics; Engineering; Enrollment; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiology; Evaluation; Experimental Designs; Exposure to; Goals; Hazard Assessment; Hazard Identification; Industrial Health; Industrialization; Laboratory Study; Life Cycle Stages; Lifting; Lighting; Literature; Manufacturer Name; Methodology; Methods; Molybdenum; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Toxicology Program; Occupational Exposure; Occupational Medicine; Paint; Participant; Population; Procedures; Process; Publishing; Research; Sampling; Schedule; Science; Site; Site Visit; Surface; Telephone; Toxic effect; Toxicology; Transmission Electron Microscopy; Travel; Water; air sampling; base; disorder prevention; experimental study; graphene; innovation; interdisciplinary approach; interest; nanomaterials; particle; physical property; remediation; sensor; two-dimensional

The past decade has witnessed an extraordinary increase in research progress and innovation on ultrathin two-dimensional (2-D) nanomaterials. These 2-D nanomaterials include industrial scale materials, such as graphene, as well as emerging materials such as hexagonal boron nitride, silicene, molybdenum disulfide, and many others that have generated considerable interest as they demonstrate a vast array of unique physical properties. Two-dimensional nanomaterials offer great potential in numerous applications such as in electronics, energy storage, water remediation, paints and coatings, sensors, lighting, composites, and biomedicine. As the utilization of 2-D nanomaterials continues to rise, with greater expansion into industrial applications, the potential for workplace and environmental exposures throughout the life cycle of these materials will successively increase as well. To date, there have been relatively few studies found in the published literature evaluating the toxicity of these materials, and even fewer data are available regarding workplace exposures and the development of exposure assessment methodologies. In FY20 NIOSH identified an additional 21 companies potentially handling graphene or other 2-D nanomaterials. The company database for this project now consists of 88 US based 2-D nanomaterial companies. NIOSH has contacted an additional 31 companies by email and a phone call to discuss participation in this study. Five companies have agreed to participate in the study. Three companies (of the five) had a scheduled date to complete the industrial hygiene site assessment prior to the COVID-19 travel restrictions being put in place. NIOSH has remained in contact with these companies and they are still interested in participating once travel restrictions are lifted. An additional four companies have expressed initial interest in participating in the study. In FY20, NIOSH completed one industrial hygiene site assessment at a secondary manufacturer, enrolled study participants and collected air samples for evaluation of inhalable elemental carbon, respirable elemental carbon, and transmission electron microscopy. NIOSH has obtained 4 different types of graphene materials of commercial relevance and varying surface areas to determine aerosol characteristics (dustiness and mass median aerodynamic diameter). The experimental design and standard operating procedures to conduct the aerosol characterization experiments on the various graphene materials is being developed and those studies will begin in FY21.

过去十年见证了超薄二维（2-D）纳米材料的研究进展和创新的显着增长。这些二维纳米材料包括石墨烯等工业规模材料，以及六方氮化硼、硅烯、二硫化钼等新兴材料，以及许多其他材料，因为它们表现出大量独特的物理性质，因此引起了人们的极大兴趣。二维纳米材料在电子、能源存储、水修复、油漆和涂料、传感器、照明、复合材料和生物医学等众多应用中具有巨大潜力。随着二维纳米材料的利用率不断上升，并进一步扩展到工业应用，这些材料在整个生命周期中工作场所和环境暴露的潜力也将逐渐增加。迄今为止，已发表的文献中评估这些材料毒性的研究相对较少，有关工作场所暴露和暴露评估方法开发的数据甚至更少。 2020 财年，NIOSH 确定了另外 21 家可能处理石墨烯或其他二维纳米材料的公司。该项目的公司数据库现在由 88 家美国二维纳米材料公司组成。 NIOSH 通过电子邮件和电话联系了另外 31 家公司，讨论参与这项研究。 五家公司已同意参与这项研究。五家公司中的三家公司已安排在实施新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 旅行限制之前完成工业卫生现场评估的日期。 NIOSH 一直与这些公司保持联系，一旦旅行限制取消，他们仍然有兴趣参与。 另外四家公司初步表示有兴趣参与这项研究。 2020 财年，NIOSH 在一家二级制造商完成了一项工业卫生现场评估，招募了研究参与者并收集了空气样本，以评估可吸入元素碳、可呼吸元素碳和透射电子显微镜。 NIOSH 已获得 4 种不同类型的具有商业相关性和不同表面积的石墨烯材料，以确定气溶胶特性（含尘量和质量中值空气动力学直径）。 对各种石墨烯材料进行气溶胶表征实验的实验设计和标准操作程序正在开发中，这些研究将于 2021 财年开始。