Children's Help to Aging Parents in the Face of Health and Economic Challenges from the COVID-19 Pandemic

面对 COVID-19 大流行带来的健康和经济挑战，儿童为年迈的父母提供帮助

• 批准号: 10287956
• 负责人: Emily Wiemers
• 金额: $ 8.83万
• 依托单位: SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-15 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10287956
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Adult Children; Affect; Age; Aging; American; Area; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; Caregivers; Caring; Cessation of life; Child; Child Support; Chronic; Complement; Contracts; Coronavirus; Data; Disadvantaged; Disease; Economic Conditions; Economics; Effectiveness; Elderly; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Exposure to; Face; Family; Family member; Financial Support; Food; Formal caregiving; Geographic Locations; Geography; Health; Health and Retirement Study; Hospitalization; Household; Housing; Individual; Interview; Living Arrangement; Longitudinal Studies; Medical; Natural Disasters; Parents; Personal Satisfaction; Play; Policies; Public Health; Race; Resources; Respondent; Risk; Role; Running; Severities; Shock; Socioeconomic Status; Support System; Surveys; Time; Travel; Variant; Virus; base; caregiving; cost; economic impact; experience; food insecurity; health care availability; health care economics; health data; health economics; human old age (65+); improved; informal care; innovation; instrumental activity of daily living; pandemic disease; prevent; racial and ethnic; response; safety net; social; socioeconomic disparity; socioeconomics

PROJECT SUMMARY Older Americans face unique challenges to their health and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Older adults and those with chronic health conditions are particularly vulnerable to severe complications from the disease, and the need for physical distancing amplifies the impact of the virus by limiting access to support systems. Threats to health and economic well-being posed by COVID-19 are even more severe for older Americans who are poor, less-educated, and non-White because they tend to have poorer health and greater exposure to the virus relative to their respective counterparts. Help from family, including time spent in running errands and hands-on caregiving, money, and shared housing, is likely to be crucial for older adults facing health and economic challenges to endure and maintain well-being. The pandemic only increases this need, just as required physical distancing also affects the ability to receive hands-on care, whether related to the virus or not, and help with household tasks that approximately 11 million Americans aged 65 and older receive from caregivers. Variation across families in the need for and ability to provide help is magnified by the fact that health and economic risks are correlated within families. Exposure to the consequences of the virus is also correlated across families because families tend to live near one another, especially non-White and less-educated families. The proposed project will use new data from the Health and Retirement Study including the new COVID-19 Module to address three Specific Aims: (1) how health, access to health care, and economic well-being of older adults changed with the onset and progression of the pandemic; (2) whether adult children’s transfers of time, money, and coresidence responded to the pandemic-related challenges older adults faced; and (3) whether proximity of families improved or detracted from responses to the pandemic-related challenges of older adults. In each of these aims, we estimate differences across socioeconomic status, race-ethnicity, and across geographic areas that differed in the severity of the pandemic. We attempt to estimate causal effects of the impact of the virus on the well-being of older adults and on family response to changes in well-being using a combination of subjective assessments elicited from respondents and analytic strategies that exploit variation in the severity of the virus across geography and time, in state-level policy responses, and in individuals’ vulnerability to the virus based on their preexisting health conditions. The results will provide a comprehensive understanding of how the health and economic conditions of older Americans changed during the pandemic and how these challenges that older Americans faced rippled across family members, both coresidential and non- coresidential. More broadly, the results will characterize the strength of the family safety net and disparities in it across socioeconomic status and race-ethnicity and the effectiveness of families in protecting one another against shocks to health and well-being.

项目摘要 在COVID-19大流行期间，美国老年人的健康和福祉面临独特的挑战。老年 成年人和患有慢性疾病的人特别容易患上 疾病，而物理距离的需要通过限制获得支持来放大病毒的影响 系统. COVID-19对老年人的健康和经济福祉构成的威胁更为严重 美国人谁是穷人，教育程度较低，非白人，因为他们往往有更差的健康和更大的 相对于它们各自的对应物暴露于病毒。家人的帮助，包括跑步的时间 跑腿和动手做家务，钱，和共同的住房，可能是至关重要的老年人面临的健康 和经济挑战来承受和维持福祉。大流行病只会增加这种需要，正如 所需的身体距离也会影响接受实际护理的能力，无论是否与病毒相关， 帮助大约1100万65岁及以上的美国人完成家务， 照顾者家庭之间在提供帮助的需要和能力方面的差异因健康状况不佳而扩大。 经济风险与家庭内部相关。暴露于病毒的后果也是相关的 由于家庭往往住得很近，特别是非白人和教育程度较低的家庭。 拟议的项目将使用健康和退休研究的新数据，包括新的COVID-19 针对三个具体目标的模块：（1）老年人的健康、获得医疗保健的机会和经济福祉 成年人随着大流行的发生和发展而发生变化;（2）成年儿童是否转移了时间， 钱，和同居应对老年人面临的流行病相关的挑战;（3）是否 家庭之间的距离得到改善，或不再对老年人面临的与流行病有关的挑战作出反应。 在每一个目标中，我们估计了社会经济地位、种族和民族之间的差异， 大流行严重程度不同的地理区域。我们试图估计的因果关系的影响 艾滋病毒对老年人福祉的影响以及家庭对福祉变化的反应， 结合受访者的主观评估和利用变化的分析策略 病毒的严重性在地理和时间上，在国家一级的政策反应中，以及在个人的 根据他们先前存在的健康状况，他们对病毒的脆弱性。结果将提供全面的 了解美国老年人的健康和经济状况在大流行期间如何变化， 美国老年人面临的这些挑战如何波及到家庭成员，包括同居和非同居的家庭成员。 共居更广泛地说，调查结果将反映家庭安全网的强度及其差距 社会经济地位和种族-民族以及家庭相互保护的有效性 抵御对健康和福祉的冲击。