Cortical mechanisms mediating visual function and behavior

介导视觉功能和行为的皮质机制

• 批准号: 10306272
• 负责人: Nicholas J Priebe
• 金额: $ 52.67万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10306272
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Animals; Attention; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Biophysics; Cells; Cerebral cortex; Complement; Computer Models; Data Set; Detection; Esthesia; Event; Facial Expression; Future; Gaussian model; Goals; Grant; Laboratories; Light; Macaca; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Membrane; Membrane Potentials; Modeling; Monitor; Monkeys; Motivation; Nature; Neurons; Noise; Output; Photic Stimulation; Physiological; Population; Primates; Property; Pupil; Recurrence; Research; Role; Sensory; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Source; Stimulus; Synapses; Techniques; Testing; Time; V1 neuron; Variant; Vision; Visual; Visual Perception; Whole-Cell Recordings; area striata; awake; base; behavioral response; computational platform; expectation; experimental study; individual response; insight; millimeter; neural circuit; neural model; novel; originality; recurrent neural network; relating to nervous system; response; sensory cortex; visual control; visual stimulus

Project Summary Intracellular recording from sensory cortex provides a window into the synaptic inputs that shape spiking responses of individual cortical neurons, but until recently, this powerful technique has been limited to anesthetized animals. By combining the unique expertise from our laboratories, we have developed a novel technique that allow us to conduct, on a routine basis, reliable, whole-cell intracellular recording in primary visual cortex (V1) of awake, behaving macaque monkeys. We combine intracellular recording with an array of concomitant measurements that provide access to the state of the local network in which the neuron is embedded as well as to the internal state of the animal. Using these techniques, we have access to both subthreshold (membrane potentials, representing input) and suprathreshold (spikes, representing output) responses of individual cortical neurons, while also utilizing the precise control of visual stimulation and the subject’s behavioral state afforded by behaving primates. Our ability to perform intracellular recording in awake, behaving primates opens the door to addressing three fundamental questions with respect to the circuit-level mechanisms that mediate visual perception: (1) what are the nature, sources, and behavioral consequences of the large neural variability of sensory cortical neurons, (2) what is the contribution of internal state fluctuations to this variability, (3) what circuit models can account for the observed neural variability during spontaneous and evoked responses? To address these questions, in Aim 1 we will study the quantitative relationship between sub- and suprathreshold activity during spontaneous and stimulus-evoked responses in V1 of fixating monkeys. This will allow us to test the generality of previous findings from anesthetized animals. In Aim 2, we will examine the relationship between the activity of single V1 neurons and perceptual decisions in monkeys that are engaged in a demanding visual detection task. Specifically, we will examine how sub- and suprathreshold responses are altered by changing the attentional and motivational states under which the stimulus is presented. Finally, in Aim 3 we will test a novel set of circuit models that can account for our observed results and guide future experiments.

项目摘要 来自感觉皮层的细胞内记录提供了一个窗口，可以了解形成峰电位的突触输入 单个皮质神经元的反应，但直到最近，这项强大的技术还仅限于 麻醉的动物。通过结合我们实验室的独特专业知识，我们开发出了一种新颖的 这项技术使我们能够在常规基础上进行可靠的全细胞内记录 清醒的猕猴的视觉皮质(V1)。我们将细胞内记录与一系列 伴随测量，提供对神经元所在的本地网络状态的访问 嵌入以及动物的内部状态。使用这些技术，我们可以访问这两个 阈值以下(膜电位，代表输入)和阈值上(尖峰，代表输出) 单个皮质神经元的反应，同时也利用对视觉刺激和 受试者的行为状态是由灵长类动物提供的。 我们在清醒、行为良好的灵长类动物中进行细胞内记录的能力打开了解决三个问题的大门 与调节视觉知觉的电路级机制有关的基本问题：(1)什么 是感觉皮层大神经变异性的性质、来源和行为后果 神经元，(2)内部状态波动对这种变化的贡献是什么，(3)什么电路模型 能解释观察到的自发和诱发反应中的神经变异性吗？ 为了解决这些问题，在目标1中，我们将研究子项和子项之间的数量关系 注视猴V1自发和刺激诱发反应中的阈值上活动。这 将使我们能够测试之前在麻醉动物身上发现的一般性。在目标2中，我们将研究 猕猴单个V1神经元活动与知觉决策之间的关系 从事要求苛刻的视觉检测任务。具体地说，我们将检查阈值以下和阈值以上的 通过改变刺激所处的注意力和动机状态来改变反应 呈上了。最后，在目标3中，我们将测试一组新的电路模型，它们可以解释我们观察到的结果 并指导未来的实验。