Causal Interactions between genetic risk, precise cortical connectivity, and autism-associated behaviors
Causal Interactions between genetic risk, precise cortical connectivity, and autism-associated behaviors
批准号:
10307109
负责人:
GAVIN R RUMBAUGH
金额:
$32.77万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-12-01 至 2022-04-01
关键词:
ASD patientAdaptive BehaviorsAirAnimal ModelAnimalsAreaBehaviorBehavioralBiologicalBrainBrain regionCognitiveDiseaseEcholocationElectrophysiology (science)EmotionsEnvironmentEpilepsyEsthesiaEtiologyFingersGenerationsGenesGenetic RiskGoalsHeadHeterozygoteImpairmentIndividualInterventionLinkLocationMeasurementMeasuresMendelian disorderModelingMotorMotor CortexMotor outputMovementMusMutant Strains MiceNervous system structureNeuronsOrganPopulationProcessResearchResearch Project GrantsRisk FactorsRunningSYNGAP1SaccadesScanningSensorySiliconSomatosensory CortexSourceStructureStructure of trigeminal ganglionStudy modelsSystemTactileTelephoneTestingThalamic structureThinkingTimeTouch sensationVibrissaeVisual Fieldsautism spectrum disorderawakebehavioral impairmentbehavioral phenotypingbrain abnormalitiesexperiencefunctional disabilitygenetic variantin vivoindividuals with autism spectrum disorderinsightmouse modelneural circuitneural networknovelphysical modelrelating to nervous systemresponserisk variantsensory inputsensory processing disordersensory systemsocial
中文摘要
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英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY
The overarching goal of this project is to better understand the links between ASD genetic risk, resulting
distributed brain connectivity impairments, and the impact of this on ASD-relevant behaviors. We will do this by
performing state-of-the art in vivo electrophysiology studies in awake-behaving animals that model a monogenic
form of ASD. This research project is significant because altered brain connectivity is routinely observed
in ASD patients, though it remains unknown how brain connectivity alterations cause abnormal
behaviors relevant to ASD. In the animal model, we will focus on behaviors that optimize active touch. This is
approach is valid because altered sensory function, including touch, is a core manifestation of ASD and
somatomotor brain areas display altered activation in ASD patients. An emerging idea is that altered functioning
of sensory systems directly impairs the functions of other major neural domains, such as cognitive and social
systems. Active touch arises through rapid adaptions in the dynamics of touch organs in response to physical
contact with objects. This behavioral transformation optimizes touch-related input into the brain and is an
emergent behavior resulting from sensorimotor integration at various levels in the nervous system. Therefore,
we generally hypothesize that genetic variants that cause ASD disrupt key points of functional connectivity within
the somatomotor system, which in turn causes altered active touch behaviors, leading to altered acquisition of
tactile information. This hypothesis is significant because it could define a neural process (i.e. altered distributed
functional connectivity) that explains how sensory-guided adaptive behaviors are impaired by genetic variants
that cause ASD. Our modeling studies also have the potential to define how altered brain connectivity can disrupt
relevant behaviors. We will test this hypothesis in the first aim by recording the flow of information throughout
the major areas of the somato-motor system in a mouse model for a monogenic form of ASD. The proposed in
vivo recordings in awake-behaving animals will utilize state-of-art silicon neural probes that will enable us to
measure local and long-range functional connectivity of neurons during distinct behaviors, including during active
touches of objects. These sophisticated measurements will identify circuits that are functionally impaired during
ASD-relevant behaviors. The second aim takes a distinct, but complementary approach by regionally and
temporally disrupting expression of the causal ASD gene and then observing the impact of these perturbations
on behaviors that define etiologically-relevant active touch. We expect to find that proper expression of the ASD
gene is required in developing somatomotor cortical areas to promote normal active touch behaviors. The
combined impact of these complementary approaches is that they are expected to define the circuits that cause
abnormal active touch-related behaviors in the mouse model. Thus, the proposed research is expected to
advance our understanding of how major ASD risk genes disrupt the connectivity of neural circuits that underlie
relevant behaviors.
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海外基金