Causal Interactions between genetic risk, precise cortical connectivity, and autism-associated behaviors
Causal Interactions between genetic risk, precise cortical connectivity, and autism-associated behaviors
批准号:
9885217
负责人:
GAVIN R RUMBAUGH
金额:
$55.3万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-12-01 至 2024-11-30
关键词:
Adaptive BehaviorsAirAnimal ModelAnimalsAreaBehaviorBehavioralBiologicalBrainBrain regionCognitiveDiseaseEcholocationElectrophysiology (science)EmotionsEnvironmentEpilepsyEsthesiaEtiologyFingersGenerationsGenesGenetic RiskGoalsHeadHeterozygoteImpairmentIndividualInterventionLinkLocationMeasurementMeasuresMendelian disorderModelingMotorMotor CortexMotor outputMovementMusMutant Strains MiceNervous system structureNeuronsOrganPatientsPopulationProcessResearchResearch Project GrantsRisk FactorsRunningSaccadesScanningSensorySiliconSomatosensory CortexSourceStructureStructure of trigeminal ganglionStudy modelsSystemTactileTelephoneTestingThalamic structureThinkingTimeTouch sensationVibrissaeVisual Fieldsautism spectrum disorderawakebehavioral impairmentbehavioral phenotypingbrain abnormalitiesexperiencefunctional disabilitygenetic variantin vivoinsightmouse modelneural circuitneural networknovelphysical modelrelating to nervous systemresponserisk variantsensory inputsensory processing disordersensory systemsocial
中文摘要
项目摘要
该项目的总体目标是更好地了解ASD遗传风险之间的联系,
分布式大脑连接障碍,以及这对ASD相关行为的影响。我们将通过
在清醒的行为动物中进行最先进的体内电生理学研究,
ASD的形式。这项研究项目意义重大,因为改变的大脑连接是经常观察到的。
在ASD患者中,尽管仍然不清楚大脑连接的改变如何导致异常
与ASD相关的行为在动物模型中,我们将专注于优化主动触摸的行为。这是
这种方法是有效的,因为改变的感觉功能,包括触摸,是ASD的核心表现,
ASD患者的躯体运动脑区显示出改变的激活。一个新兴的观点是,
感觉系统的功能直接损害其他主要神经域的功能,如认知和社会功能。
系统.主动触摸是通过触摸器官的动态响应于物理刺激的快速适应而产生的。
接触物体。 这种行为转变优化了进入大脑的与触摸相关的输入,
在神经系统的不同层次上由感觉运动整合引起的涌现行为。 因此,我们认为,
我们通常假设,导致ASD的遗传变异破坏了ASD内功能连接的关键点,
躯体运动系统,这反过来又导致改变的主动触摸行为,导致改变的获取
触觉信息。这一假设是重要的,因为它可以定义一个神经过程(即改变的分布
功能连接),解释了遗传变异是如何损害感官引导的适应行为的
导致ASD的原因我们的建模研究也有可能定义改变的大脑连接如何破坏
相关行为。 我们将在第一个目标中通过记录整个过程中的信息流来测试这个假设。
在单基因型ASD小鼠模型中,体细胞运动系统的主要区域。的拟定
清醒行为动物的活体记录将利用最先进的硅神经探针,使我们能够
测量神经元在不同行为过程中的局部和长程功能连接,包括在活动过程中,
触摸物体。这些复杂的测量将识别出在手术过程中功能受损的电路。
ASD相关行为。 第二个目标采取了一种独特但互补的办法,
暂时中断ASD致病基因的表达,然后观察这些扰动的影响
与病因相关的主动触摸行为。我们希望找到ASD的正确表达
基因是发育中的躯体运动皮质区所必需的,以促进正常的主动触摸行为。 的
这些互补方法的综合影响是,它们有望定义导致
小鼠模型中异常主动触摸相关行为。 因此,预计拟议的研究将
推进我们对主要ASD风险基因如何破坏神经回路连接的理解,
相关行为。
英文摘要
PROJECT SUMMARY
The overarching goal of this project is to better understand the links between ASD genetic risk, resulting
distributed brain connectivity impairments, and the impact of this on ASD-relevant behaviors. We will do this by
performing state-of-the art in vivo electrophysiology studies in awake-behaving animals that model a monogenic
form of ASD. This research project is significant because altered brain connectivity is routinely observed
in ASD patients, though it remains unknown how brain connectivity alterations cause abnormal
behaviors relevant to ASD. In the animal model, we will focus on behaviors that optimize active touch. This is
approach is valid because altered sensory function, including touch, is a core manifestation of ASD and
somatomotor brain areas display altered activation in ASD patients. An emerging idea is that altered functioning
of sensory systems directly impairs the functions of other major neural domains, such as cognitive and social
systems. Active touch arises through rapid adaptions in the dynamics of touch organs in response to physical
contact with objects. This behavioral transformation optimizes touch-related input into the brain and is an
emergent behavior resulting from sensorimotor integration at various levels in the nervous system. Therefore,
we generally hypothesize that genetic variants that cause ASD disrupt key points of functional connectivity within
the somatomotor system, which in turn causes altered active touch behaviors, leading to altered acquisition of
tactile information. This hypothesis is significant because it could define a neural process (i.e. altered distributed
functional connectivity) that explains how sensory-guided adaptive behaviors are impaired by genetic variants
that cause ASD. Our modeling studies also have the potential to define how altered brain connectivity can disrupt
relevant behaviors. We will test this hypothesis in the first aim by recording the flow of information throughout
the major areas of the somato-motor system in a mouse model for a monogenic form of ASD. The proposed in
vivo recordings in awake-behaving animals will utilize state-of-art silicon neural probes that will enable us to
measure local and long-range functional connectivity of neurons during distinct behaviors, including during active
touches of objects. These sophisticated measurements will identify circuits that are functionally impaired during
ASD-relevant behaviors. The second aim takes a distinct, but complementary approach by regionally and
temporally disrupting expression of the causal ASD gene and then observing the impact of these perturbations
on behaviors that define etiologically-relevant active touch. We expect to find that proper expression of the ASD
gene is required in developing somatomotor cortical areas to promote normal active touch behaviors. The
combined impact of these complementary approaches is that they are expected to define the circuits that cause
abnormal active touch-related behaviors in the mouse model. Thus, the proposed research is expected to
advance our understanding of how major ASD risk genes disrupt the connectivity of neural circuits that underlie
relevant behaviors.
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