Characterizing parental beliefs to support optimization of vaccine introduction

摘要 世界卫生组织建议每个国家应包括的疫苗数量 政府资助的儿童疫苗接种计划在过去15年中迅速增加， 尽管关于将新疫苗引入人群的最佳方法的研究很少， 可能不熟悉预防的具体疾病。然而，围绕最初的情况， 疫苗的推出可能对疫苗和预防的疾病的感知产生持久的影响（例如， 人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗在美国引进十多年后， 美国）。这个指导培训计划将建立在我在流行病学方面的坚实教育基础上， 我发展决策和实施科学的技能，以实现我的长期目标：了解如何 对疫苗的态度随着时间的推移而改变，因为有更多的疫苗可以获得;并制定干预措施 这可以有效地减少疫苗新引入人群时的不信任。培训 在这个补助金计划将熟悉我与相关的方法;我将获得专业知识（1） 开发健康信息，（2）研究人们对医疗保健干预措施的偏好，（3） 了解政府对疫苗采用的观点，以及（4）管理复杂的国际 问题研究本提案的研究目标是利用这种训练方案来表征固有的 疫苗可预防疾病的特征（如疫苗引入期间所示）影响评估 一种特定的疫苗和整个疫苗接种计划。数据来源包括对父母的纵向研究 以及中国和美国的全国性调查。具体而言，我将（1）衡量风险的变化 在疫苗获得公共资助之前和之后，对几种疫苗可预防疾病的看法，（2） 在疫苗引入期间表征对疫苗概况和疫苗接种程序属性的偏好， 以及（3）检查HPV疫苗接种在多个维度上的框架如何影响接受意愿 了该提案将产生试点数据，以支持未来的R01赠款，该赠款将测试 系统和提供者一级关于HPV疫苗接种的活动和干预措施，同时还旨在 减少疫苗的犹豫。理想的情况是，在中国采用新疫苗的同时， 政府资助的儿童疫苗接种计划可以避免在其他国家经历的陷阱 新疫苗的引进，并反过来告知美国的疫苗引进战略。这份拨款申请 由一个由马修·博尔顿博士组成的咨询小组提供支持， 在儿童免疫和疫苗可预防疾病的控制;教授丽莎Prosser-an 跨学科卫生政策研究员，研究重点是疫苗决策;布赖恩教授 Zikmund-Fisher-健康信息和风险沟通的领导者;以及孙晓东博士-主任 上海市疾病预防控制中心免疫规划处。

ABSTRACT The number of vaccines recommended by the World Health Organization for every country to include in government-sponsored childhood vaccination programs has rapidly increased over the past fifteen years, although there is little research regarding the best approach to new vaccine introduction into a population that may be unfamiliar with the specific disease prevented. However, the circumstances surrounding the initial rollout of a vaccine may exert a lasting impact on perceptions of the vaccine and the disease prevented (e.g., human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake is extremely low more than ten years after its introduction in the US). This mentored training program will build upon my strong educational base in epidemiology, and will help me develop skills in decision and implementation sciences to reach my long-term goals: to understand how attitudes towards vaccines change over time as more vaccines become available; and to develop interventions that can effectively minimize distrust when a vaccine is newly introduced into a population. The training program in this grant will familiarize me with relevant methodological approaches; I will gain expertise in (1) developing health messages, (2) researching people’s preferences for health care interventions, (3) understanding governmental perspectives on vaccine adoption, and (4) managing complex international studies. The research goal of this proposal utilizes this training regimen to characterize how the inherent characteristics of a vaccine-preventable disease (as presented during vaccine introduction) affect the valuation of a specific vaccine and the entire vaccination program. Data sources include a longitudinal study of parents from Shanghai and national surveys from China and the US. Specifically, I will (1) measure changes in the risk perception of several vaccine-preventable diseases before and after the vaccine is publicly funded, (2) characterize preferences for vaccine profile and vaccination program attributes during vaccine introduction, and (3) examine how the framing of HPV vaccination across several dimensions affects willingness to receive it. This proposal will generate pilot data to support a future R01 grant, which will test the effectiveness of systemic- and provider-level activities and interventions on the uptake of HPV vaccine while also aiming to reduce vaccine hesitancy. Ideally, the adoption of new vaccines in China accompanying the expansion of their government sponsored childhood vaccination program can avoid the pitfalls experienced in other countries with new vaccine introduction, and in turn inform vaccine introduction strategies in the US. This grant proposal is supported by an advisory team comprising Dr. Matthew Boulton—a physician-epidemiologist with expertise in childhood immunization and the control of vaccine-preventable diseases; Professor Lisa Prosser—an interdisciplinary health policy researcher with a research focus on vaccine decision-making; Professor Brian Zikmund-Fisher—a leader in health messaging and risk communication; and Dr. Xiaodong Sun—the Director of Immunization Programs at the Shanghai Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.