Biobehavioral Processes Involved in Social Communication, Connectedness, and Adolescent Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors

项目总结。在美国，自杀是第二大死因，约有 10-24岁人群中每年发生7000起自杀事件。关键的是，这些数字在年轻人中正在上升， 严重自杀想法和行为(STB)的比率令人震惊，特别是在青春期女孩中。 理论和实证研究都表明，社会因素在青年自杀风险中起着推定的作用。 此外，先前的研究还暗示了社交交流--社交过程中交换的面部和非面部线索 互动--在这些社会因素中(例如，联系)。然而，检查细粒度生物行为的研究 在互动过程中，涉及社交交流的过程极其有限。这项提案的目标是， 因此，采取多元分析的方法来考察青春期女孩的社会交往 在实际的社会互动中的产生和接受，并决定生物行为的变化 参与社会交流的过程直接和独立地有助于女孩随后的(I)日-- 今天的社会联系和(Ii)性传播障碍。另一个探索性的目标将是检查这些 生物行为过程通过对日常社会联系的影响间接影响女孩的性传播疾病。 生物行为过程将包括特定的行为(即，眼睛凝视和面部影响)和生理(即， 皮肤电活动[EDA]和瞳孔扩张)过程。因此，这项提案将审查谁是女孩 表现出被破坏的社交交流(例如，眼睛凝视减少，积极的面部情感，以及EDA互惠； 减弱的凝视条件下的积极面部情感和EDA反应)将不太可能表现出未来的日常生活 与父母和同龄人的日常社交联系(假设1)。接下来，这项提案将审查女孩们 在涉及社会交流的相同生物行为过程中表现出干扰的人将会更多 可能报告未来的STB发病(假设2)。最后，探索性分析将检查日常社会 脱节是社交障碍增加女孩STB的一种潜在机制 风险。拟议研究的参与者将是从R01赠款中抽出的少女，涉及多式联运 在以实验室为基础的父母-青少年与女孩(11-13岁)互动任务中的评估，跟踪 两年后对日常社会联系的生态瞬时评估(13-15岁)，以及STB 初次评估后两年(13-15岁)和三年(14-16岁)。样本大小为 基线包括129个二元组，在两年的随访中保留了119个二元组。三年随访 评估正在进行中。在该领域顶尖专家的指导下，培训领域为未来提供便利 调查独立性包括：生态瞬时评估、移动眼球跟踪、纵向数据 分析和专业发展。这种细致入微的综合研究对于 确定可在治疗上有针对性的风险机制，以降低关键窗口期间的性病风险 风险的恐惧。

PROJECT SUMMARY. In the United States, suicide is the second leading cause of death with approximately 7,000 suicides occurring annually among those aged 10-24. Critically, these numbers are rising among youth, and rates of serious suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) are staggering, particularly among adolescent girls. Both theory and empirical research suggest that social factors play a putative role in risk for suicide among youth. Moreover, prior research implicates social communication – facial and non-facial cues exchanged during social interaction – in these social factors (e.g., connectedness). Yet, research examining fine-grained biobehavioral processes involved in social communication during interaction is extremely limited. The goal of this proposal, therefore, is to take a multiple-units-of-analysis approach to examine adolescent girls' social communication production and reception during actual social interactions, and determine whether alterations in biobehavioral processes involved in social communication directly and independently contribute to girls' subsequent (i) day- to-day social connectedness and (ii) STBs. An additional, exploratory aim will be to examine whether these biobehavioral processes indirectly impact girls' STBs through their effects on day-to-day social connectedness. Biobehavioral processes will include specific behavioral (i.e., eye-gaze and facial affect) and physiological (i.e., electrodermal activity [EDA] and pupil dilation) processes. Thus, this proposal will examine whether girls who demonstrate disrupted social communication (i.e., reduced eye-gaze, positive facial affect, and EDA reciprocity; attenuated gaze-contingent positive facial affect and EDA responses) will be less likely to exhibit future day-to- day social connectedness with parents and peers (Hypothesis 1). Next, this proposal will examine whether girls who demonstrate disruptions in the same biobehavioral processes involved in social communication will be more likely to report future STB onset (Hypothesis 2). Finally, exploratory analyses will examine day-to-day social disconnectedness as a potential mechanism through which deficits in social communication increase girls' STB risk. Participants for the proposed study will be adolescent girls drawn from an R01 grant, involving multimodal assessment during a laboratory-based parent-adolescent interaction task with girls (aged 11-13), follow-up ecological momentary assessment of day-to-day social connectedness two years later (aged 13-15), and STB assessments two (aged 13-15) and three years (aged 14-16) after the initial assessment. The sample size at baseline comprised 129 dyads, and 119 dyads were retained at the two-year follow up. Three-year follow-up assessments are ongoing. Under the guidance of leading experts in the field, training areas to facilitate future investigative independence include: ecological momentary assessment, mobile eye-tracking, longitudinal data analysis, and professional development. This type of nuanced, integrative research is essential to the identification of mechanisms of risk that can be therapeutically targeted to reduce STB risk during key windows of risk.