Development of an interactive, web-based drinking to cope intervention and tools to assess coping skill utilization

项目概要/摘要 与自我药疗理论相一致的是，那些赞成用酒精来科普压力的年轻人， 通过负强化的事件（即，以提供压力或抑郁情绪的缓解或减少）体验 持续大量饮酒，特别容易出现不良后果，包括与酒精有关的更多 后果和抑郁症状。喝酒来科普的年轻人可能缺乏更适应的方法， 管理痛苦或缺乏替代的适应性应对机制。虽然有些干预措施 已经制定了解决酒精使用和饮酒来科普，许多显示最小的，如果有的话，主要影响。到 迄今为止，这些干预措施中的大多数提供了应对技能的一般清单，并没有进一步评估， 个人已经学会并运用了这些技能。其他简短的基于网络的干预方法， 关于应对策略和情绪调节技能的更全面的信息和内容也没有 特别针对那些喝酒以科普或不直接评估应对技能知识和利用的人。 可能需要一种更全面、互动的方法来学习应对技能， 技能，显示视频演示的概念，然后评估应对技能的利用。R34 该应用程序旨在解决以前的局限性，并通过以下方式提高基于网络的干预措施的效力 开发测量工具，以评估每周应对技能的获得、知识、使用和使用障碍， 并将这些工具结合到基于网络的交互式干预的开发中， 提醒年轻人喝酒来科普。第一阶段包括对发展一个 互动式基于网络的干预与短信提醒的年轻人与酒精有关 结果谁报告饮酒，以科普压力事件和开发工具，以评估收购， 知识，并利用基于网络的应对技能。我们将举办一系列专题小组讨论， 专家，快速原型会议，和可用性研究与访谈，以进一步完善干预和 获得用户反馈（目标1和2）。将通过纳入以下互动模块来制定干预措施： 应对技能、练习技能的作业、短信提醒和每周应对评估 技能知识、获取、技能利用和使用障碍。第2阶段将是一项试点研究， 评估以确定可行性、可接受性、应对技能的利用和初步的酒精结果 (Aim 3）。共有120名年轻人将被随机分配到为期4周的基于网络的饮酒以科普干预 （n=60）或仅评估对照组（n=60），其中他们将完成4次每周一次的知识评估， 获得和使用应对技能以及1个月和3个月的随访。研究结果对公共卫生具有重要意义 影响，因为我们将制定和完善干预和应对技能评估战略， 目前的干预措施对这些人不太有效。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Consistent with self-medication theory, young adults who endorse using alcohol to cope with stressful events via negative reinforcement (i.e., to provide relief or reduction of stress or depressed mood) experience continued heavy drinking and are particularly at-risk for negative outcomes including greater alcohol-related consequences and depressive symptoms. Young adults who drink to cope may lack more adaptive means of managing distress or have a lack of alternative, adaptive coping mechanisms. Although some interventions have been developed to address alcohol use and drinking to cope, many show minimal, if any, main effects. To date, the majority of these interventions provide a general list of coping skills and do not further assess if individuals have learned and utilized the skills. Other brief web-based intervention approaches that provide more thorough information and content on coping strategies and emotion regulation skills either do not specifically target individuals who drink to cope or do not assess coping skill knowledge and utilization directly. A more comprehensive, interactive approach to learning coping skills may be needed by teaching concrete skills, showing video demonstration of the concepts, and then assessing coping skill utilization. This R34 application seeks to address previous limitations and enhance the efficacy of web-based interventions by developing measurement tools to assess weekly coping skill acquisition, knowledge, use, and barriers to use, and incorporating these tools in the development of an interactive web-based intervention with text-message reminders for young adults who drink to cope. Phase 1 includes formative research on the development of an interactive web-based intervention with text-message reminders for young adults with alcohol-related consequences who report drinking to cope with stressful events and developing tools to assess acquisition, knowledge, and utilization of web-based coping skills. We will conduct a series of focus groups, discussion with experts, rapid prototyping sessions, and a usability study with interviews to further refine the intervention and obtain user feedback (Aims 1 and 2). The intervention will be developed by including interactive modules on coping skills, assignments to practice the skills, text-message reminders, and weekly assessments on coping skill knowledge, acquisition, skill utilization, and barriers to use. Phase 2 will be a pilot study with weekly assessments to determine feasibility, acceptability, utilization of coping skills, and preliminary alcohol outcomes (Aim 3). A total of 120 young adults will be randomized to the 4-week, web-based drinking to cope intervention (n=60) or an assessment only control (n=60) where they will complete 4 weekly assessments on knowledge, acquisition, and use of coping skills and a 1- and 3-month follow-up. Findings have important public health implications as we will develop and refine intervention and coping skill assessment strategies among a population of individuals for whom current intervention options have been shown to be less effective.