Development of an interactive, web-based drinking to cope intervention and tools to assess coping skill utilization

项目概要/摘要 与自我药疗理论一致，支持使用酒精应对压力的年轻人 通过负强化（即缓解或减轻压力或抑郁情绪）经历的事件 持续大量饮酒，特别容易出现负面后果，包括更多与酒精相关的 后果和抑郁症状。喝酒来应对的年轻人可能缺乏更多的适应手段 管理痛苦或缺乏替代的、适应性的应对机制。尽管进行了一些干预 已经开发出解决饮酒和饮酒问题的药物，但许多药物的主要影响即使有，也是微乎其微的。至 截至目前，这些干预措施中的大多数都提供了应对技能的一般清单，并且没有进一步评估是否 个人已经学习并运用了这些技能。其他简短的基于网络的干预方法提供了 有关应对策略和情绪调节技能的更全面的信息和内容也不会 特别针对那些通过饮酒来应对或不直接评估应对技能知识和运用的个人。 通过教授具体的内容，可能需要一种更全面、互动的方法来学习应对技能 技能，展示概念的视频演示，然后评估应对技能的利用率。这个R34 应用程序旨在解决以前的局限性并提高基于网络的干预措施的效率 开发测量工具来评估每周应对技能的获取、知识、使用和使用障碍， 并将这些工具纳入基于网络的交互式短信干预的开发中 提醒那些喝酒应对的年轻人。第一阶段包括对开发的形成性研究 针对与酒精相关的年轻人，通过短信提醒进行基于网络的互动干预 报告饮酒是为了应对压力事件并开发工具来评估获得的后果， 知识和基于网络的应对技能的利用。我们将开展一系列焦点小组讨论 专家、快速原型会议以及通过访谈进行的可用性研究，以进一步完善干预措施和 获取用户反馈（目标 1 和 2）。干预措施将通过包括互动模块来制定 应对技能、练习技能的作业、短信提醒以及每周应对评估 技能知识、获取、技能运用和使用障碍。第二阶段将是一项试点研究，每周 评估以确定可行性、可接受性、应对技能的利用以及初步的酒精结果 （目标 3）。总共 120 名年轻人将被随机分配接受为期 4 周的基于网络的饮酒应对干预措施 (n=60) 或仅评估对照 (n=60)，他们将完成 4 周知识评估， 应对技能的获取和使用以及 1 个月和 3 个月的随访。研究结果对公共卫生具有重要意义 我们将制定和完善干预和应对技能评估策略 目前的干预方案已被证明效果较差的人群。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Consistent with self-medication theory, young adults who endorse using alcohol to cope with stressful events via negative reinforcement (i.e., to provide relief or reduction of stress or depressed mood) experience continued heavy drinking and are particularly at-risk for negative outcomes including greater alcohol-related consequences and depressive symptoms. Young adults who drink to cope may lack more adaptive means of managing distress or have a lack of alternative, adaptive coping mechanisms. Although some interventions have been developed to address alcohol use and drinking to cope, many show minimal, if any, main effects. To date, the majority of these interventions provide a general list of coping skills and do not further assess if individuals have learned and utilized the skills. Other brief web-based intervention approaches that provide more thorough information and content on coping strategies and emotion regulation skills either do not specifically target individuals who drink to cope or do not assess coping skill knowledge and utilization directly. A more comprehensive, interactive approach to learning coping skills may be needed by teaching concrete skills, showing video demonstration of the concepts, and then assessing coping skill utilization. This R34 application seeks to address previous limitations and enhance the efficacy of web-based interventions by developing measurement tools to assess weekly coping skill acquisition, knowledge, use, and barriers to use, and incorporating these tools in the development of an interactive web-based intervention with text-message reminders for young adults who drink to cope. Phase 1 includes formative research on the development of an interactive web-based intervention with text-message reminders for young adults with alcohol-related consequences who report drinking to cope with stressful events and developing tools to assess acquisition, knowledge, and utilization of web-based coping skills. We will conduct a series of focus groups, discussion with experts, rapid prototyping sessions, and a usability study with interviews to further refine the intervention and obtain user feedback (Aims 1 and 2). The intervention will be developed by including interactive modules on coping skills, assignments to practice the skills, text-message reminders, and weekly assessments on coping skill knowledge, acquisition, skill utilization, and barriers to use. Phase 2 will be a pilot study with weekly assessments to determine feasibility, acceptability, utilization of coping skills, and preliminary alcohol outcomes (Aim 3). A total of 120 young adults will be randomized to the 4-week, web-based drinking to cope intervention (n=60) or an assessment only control (n=60) where they will complete 4 weekly assessments on knowledge, acquisition, and use of coping skills and a 1- and 3-month follow-up. Findings have important public health implications as we will develop and refine intervention and coping skill assessment strategies among a population of individuals for whom current intervention options have been shown to be less effective.