Development of an interactive, web-based drinking to cope intervention and tools to assess coping skill utilization

项目摘要/摘要 与自我用药理论一致，支持使用酒精来应对压力的年轻人 通过负面强化(即提供缓解或减少压力或抑郁情绪)体验的事件 持续大量饮酒，特别容易出现不良后果，包括与酒精有关的更多不良后果 后果和抑郁症状。饮酒以应对的年轻人可能缺乏更适应的方式 管理痛苦或缺乏替代的、适应性的应对机制。尽管一些干预措施 已经开发出解决酒精使用和饮酒的方法来应对，许多都表现出最小的主要影响(如果有的话)。至 迄今为止，这些干预措施大多提供了应对技能的一般清单，并没有进一步评估 个人已经学习并利用了这些技能。其他简短的基于网络的干预方法，可提供 关于应对策略和情绪调节技巧的更全面的信息和内容也不会 具体针对饮酒应对或不直接评估应对技能、知识和利用情况的个人。 学习应对技能的更全面、更互动的方法可能需要通过教授具体的 技能，播放概念的视频演示，然后评估应对技能的使用情况。这辆R34 应用程序寻求解决以前的限制，并通过以下方式提高基于网络的干预的有效性 开发测量工具以评估每周应对技能的获取、知识、使用和使用障碍， 并将这些工具结合到开发基于Web的文本消息交互干预中 给喝酒以应对的年轻人的提醒。第一阶段包括关于开发一个 为与酒精相关的年轻人提供短信提醒的交互式网络干预 报告饮酒以应对压力事件的后果，以及开发评估获得的工具， 知识和基于网络的应对技能的利用。我们将举办一系列焦点小组，与 专家、快速原型会议和可用性研究与访谈，以进一步完善干预和 获取用户反馈(目标1和2)。将通过包括以下内容的交互模块来开发干预 应对技能、练习技能的任务、短信提醒和每周的应对评估 技能知识、获得、技能利用和使用障碍。第二阶段将是每周一次的试验性研究 评估以确定可行性、可接受性、应对技能的利用和初步的酒精结果 (目标3)。总共120名年轻人将随机参加为期4周的基于网络的饮酒应对干预 (n=60)或仅评估对照组(n=60)，他们将完成每周4次的知识评估， 获得和使用应对技能，并进行1个月和3个月的随访。研究结果对公众健康具有重要意义 影响，因为我们将制定和完善干预和应对技能评估战略 目前的干预选择被证明对其效果较差的个人群体。

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Consistent with self-medication theory, young adults who endorse using alcohol to cope with stressful events via negative reinforcement (i.e., to provide relief or reduction of stress or depressed mood) experience continued heavy drinking and are particularly at-risk for negative outcomes including greater alcohol-related consequences and depressive symptoms. Young adults who drink to cope may lack more adaptive means of managing distress or have a lack of alternative, adaptive coping mechanisms. Although some interventions have been developed to address alcohol use and drinking to cope, many show minimal, if any, main effects. To date, the majority of these interventions provide a general list of coping skills and do not further assess if individuals have learned and utilized the skills. Other brief web-based intervention approaches that provide more thorough information and content on coping strategies and emotion regulation skills either do not specifically target individuals who drink to cope or do not assess coping skill knowledge and utilization directly. A more comprehensive, interactive approach to learning coping skills may be needed by teaching concrete skills, showing video demonstration of the concepts, and then assessing coping skill utilization. This R34 application seeks to address previous limitations and enhance the efficacy of web-based interventions by developing measurement tools to assess weekly coping skill acquisition, knowledge, use, and barriers to use, and incorporating these tools in the development of an interactive web-based intervention with text-message reminders for young adults who drink to cope. Phase 1 includes formative research on the development of an interactive web-based intervention with text-message reminders for young adults with alcohol-related consequences who report drinking to cope with stressful events and developing tools to assess acquisition, knowledge, and utilization of web-based coping skills. We will conduct a series of focus groups, discussion with experts, rapid prototyping sessions, and a usability study with interviews to further refine the intervention and obtain user feedback (Aims 1 and 2). The intervention will be developed by including interactive modules on coping skills, assignments to practice the skills, text-message reminders, and weekly assessments on coping skill knowledge, acquisition, skill utilization, and barriers to use. Phase 2 will be a pilot study with weekly assessments to determine feasibility, acceptability, utilization of coping skills, and preliminary alcohol outcomes (Aim 3). A total of 120 young adults will be randomized to the 4-week, web-based drinking to cope intervention (n=60) or an assessment only control (n=60) where they will complete 4 weekly assessments on knowledge, acquisition, and use of coping skills and a 1- and 3-month follow-up. Findings have important public health implications as we will develop and refine intervention and coping skill assessment strategies among a population of individuals for whom current intervention options have been shown to be less effective.