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Uncovering the rules of gut microbiome strain transmission

揭示肠道微生物菌株传播的规则

基本信息

批准号：
10321886
负责人：
Jeremiah James Faith
金额：
$ 59.29万
依托单位：
ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-01-20 至 2023-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10321886
关键词：
Acute Address Adult Algorithms Awareness Basic Science Biological Birth Body Surface Child Clinical Clostridium difficile Collaborations Communicable Diseases Complex Computational algorithm Data Development Disease Donor person Engraftment Environment Familiarity Family Family member Feces Fostering Frequencies Genes Habits Health Human Human Microbiome Immune Individual Infection Intestines Knowledge Life Metagenomics Microbe Monitor Parents Pathogenesis Play Recurrence Research Personnel Resources Role Route Sampling Scientist Siblings Skin Societies Spouses Structure Taxon Taxonomy Testing Therapeutic Time Transplant Recipients Ulcerative Colitis Variant Work base biobank colonization resistance computer framework density design disorder control disorder prevention disorder risk family structure fecal microbiome fecal transplantation gut microbes gut microbiome gut microbiota host microbiome host microbiota human disease improved member metagenome microbial microbial disease microbiome microbiome composition microbiome research microbiota pathogen pathogenic microbe tool translational study transmission process whole genome

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY As biological scientists and even as members of an educated society, we all have some familiarity with the fundamental concept that some aspects of our health are influenced by the set of genes we obtained from our parents. We are also increasingly aware that our body surfaces, from our skin to our intestine, harbor microbial strains that also influence our health. Given recent discoveries that many of these microbes are stably colonized for decades and are acquired in early life, it is perhaps unsurprising that some proportion of the microbes inside you right now were likely acquired from your parents and/or siblings when you were a child and maintained in your intestine to this day, potentially influencing your health for these past many years. In addition, we have yet to find clear evidence of a commensal gut microbial strain shared between two unrelated individuals outside of extreme circumstances of microbial transfer such as fecal microbiota transplantation. Given the extreme uniqueness of microbial strains at the whole genome level and the rarity of each strain variant, fecal microbiota transplantation and familial-shared microbes represent the most efficient route to accurately track and infer basic principles of microbial transmission and sharing. We feel this study will address an important, unaddressed gap in our basic science knowledge of the gut microbiota. Just as tracking of classical acute pathogenic microbes plays a key role in disease prevention and treatment, uncovering the basic principles of microbial sharing and transmission for non-acute pathogen microbes could enable new tools to quantify disease risk, to understand the importance of the familial microbial strain sharing in disease risk, to manipulate the gut microbiota to improve health, and ultimately perhaps to enable the prevention of disease through controlled monitoring or therapeutic addition of microbes that limit disease risk.

项目总结