The impact of synaptic cleft pH fluctuations on short-term synaptic plasticity
突触间隙pH波动对短期突触可塑性的影响
基本信息
- 批准号:10335210
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 32.15万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2019
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2019-02-01 至 2025-01-31
- 项目状态:未结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:Acid-Base ImbalanceAcidsAction PotentialsAddressAffectAlkalinizationBedsBehaviorBrainCa(2+)-Transporting ATPaseCellsChemicalsDataDiseaseDrosophila genusElectrophysiology (science)EmploymentEnvironmentEpilepsyEventFaceGenetic TechniquesGlutamate ReceptorGoalsHeterogeneityImaging TechniquesIn VitroIndividualIntellectual functioning disabilityInvestigationMeasurementMediatingMolecular GeneticsMutationNeuromuscular JunctionNeuronsNeurotransmittersProbabilityReagentRecording of previous eventsResearchResolutionRoleSignal TransductionSpeedSynapsesSynaptic CleftSynaptic VesiclesSynaptic plasticityTechniquesTestingTimeTrainingalkalinitybasedetectorexperimental studyextracellularfluorescence imaginginsightmillisecondnervous system disorderneural circuitneurotransmissionneurotransmitter releasenovelpostsynapticpredictive testpresynapticquantumvoltage
项目摘要
Synaptic strength is subject to activity-dependent changes over periods of milliseconds to minutes, a phenomenon
referred to as short-term synaptic plasticity (STSP). STSP has a direct influence on computations performed by
neural circuits and must be understood to fully understand brain function. The synaptic environment is subject to
significant activity-dependent pH fluctuations but their impact on the pH-sensitive mechanisms underlying
neurotransmission is rarely considered despite their likely influence of multiple mechanisms underlying STSP.
We have developed fluorescent genetically-encoded pH indicators allowing single action potential resolution of pH
dynamics in the synaptic cleft of the Drosophila NMJ. Our preliminary data reveal the surprising extent to which
the cleft alkalinizes (see preliminary data) and it is highly likely that this also happens at vertebrate synapses that
employ the Ca2+/H+ exchanging plasmamembrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA). Furthermore, our preliminary data point to
cleft alkalinization potentiating both quantal size and Ca2+ entry during burst firing. Our long-term goal is to
elucidate the means by which pH fluctuations are incorporated into STSP mechanisms. Within this proposal we
will examine the hypothesis that activity-dependent cleft alkalinization has been incorporated into gain
mechanisms that sustain neurotransmission during burst firing. Using molecular genetic techniques,
electrophysiology and fluorescence imaging we will test our working hypotheses that presynaptic voltage-gated
Ca2+ channels (VGCCs) and postsynaptic ionotrophic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are potentiated by alkalinization
at their extracellular faces in the cleft.
Our Research Strategy is broken down into three separate aims:
Aim 1: Elucidate the influence of synaptic cleft alkalinization on presynaptic Ca2+ entry during bursts.
Aim 2: Elucidate the mechanisms by which synaptic cleft alkalinization affects quantal size during bursts.
Aim 3: Investigate the impact of neurotransmitter release on cleft pH change at individual active zones.
Here we develop a test bed for investigating the contribution of activity-dependent pH fluctuations to mechanisms
underlying STSP. Beyond their immediate employment in addressing the aims above, the reagents we develop will
be useful for subsequent investigations into the contribution of pH-sensitive STSP mechanisms to circuit function
and behavior in Drosophila, potentially providing insight into neurological disorders with an acid-base imbalance
component such as seizure disorders and certain intellectual disabilities.
突触强度在毫秒到分钟的时间内受到活动依赖性变化的影响,
称为短期突触可塑性(STSP)。STSP对执行的计算有直接影响,
神经回路,必须了解才能充分了解大脑功能。突触环境受到
显著的活性依赖性pH波动,但其对pH敏感机制的影响
神经传递很少被考虑,尽管它们可能影响STSP的多种机制。
我们已经开发出荧光基因编码的pH指示剂,允许pH的单一动作电位分辨率
果蝇NMJ突触间隙的动力学。我们的初步数据显示,
缝隙碱化(见初步数据),这很可能也发生在脊椎动物的突触,
利用Ca ~(2+)/H ~+交换质膜Ca ~(2+)-ATPase(PMCA)。此外,我们的初步数据表明,
裂缝碱化增强量子大小和Ca 2+的进入在突发射击。我们的长期目标是
阐明pH波动纳入STSP机制的手段。在本提案中,我们
将检验活动依赖性裂隙碱化已被纳入增益的假设
在爆发性放电期间维持神经传递的机制。利用分子遗传学技术,
电生理学和荧光成像,我们将测试我们的工作假设,突触前电压门控
碱化可增强Ca 2+通道(VGCC)和突触后离子型谷氨酸受体(iGluRs)
在它们的细胞外表面。
我们的研究战略分为三个独立的目标:
目的1:阐明突触间隙碱化对爆发性突触前Ca ~(2+)内流的影响。
目的2:阐明突触间隙碱化影响猝发过程中量子大小的机制。
目的3:研究神经递质释放对个别活动区裂隙pH值变化的影响。
在这里,我们开发了一个测试床,用于研究活性依赖性pH波动对机制的贡献
潜在的STSP。除了直接用于实现上述目标外,我们开发的试剂还将
可用于后续研究pH敏感性STSP机制对电路功能的贡献
以及果蝇的行为,这可能为我们深入了解具有酸碱失衡的神经系统疾病提供了帮助。
例如癫痫和某些智力残疾。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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GREGORY TALISKER MACLEOD其他文献
GREGORY TALISKER MACLEOD的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('GREGORY TALISKER MACLEOD', 18)}}的其他基金
Mitochondrial Interactions with the Plasmamembrane: Genetic Underpinnings and Functional Consequences at Drosophila Nerve Terminals.
线粒体与质膜的相互作用:果蝇神经末梢的遗传基础和功能后果。
- 批准号:
10443879 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 32.15万 - 项目类别:
Mitochondrial Interactions with the Plasmamembrane: Genetic Underpinnings and Functional Consequences at Drosophila Nerve Terminals.
线粒体与质膜的相互作用:果蝇神经末梢的遗传基础和功能后果。
- 批准号:
10663186 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 32.15万 - 项目类别:
Mitochondrial Interactions with the Plasmamembrane: Genetic Underpinnings and Functional Consequences at Drosophila Nerve Terminals.
线粒体与质膜的相互作用:果蝇神经末梢的遗传基础和功能后果。
- 批准号:
10279265 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 32.15万 - 项目类别:
The impact of synaptic cleft pH fluctuations on short-term synaptic plasticity
突触间隙pH波动对短期突触可塑性的影响
- 批准号:
9423819 - 财政年份:2019
- 资助金额:
$ 32.15万 - 项目类别:
The multiple roles of mitochondria in synaptic transmission
线粒体在突触传递中的多重作用
- 批准号:
7583528 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 32.15万 - 项目类别:
Neuronal mechanisms controlling number and function of presynaptic mitochondria
控制突触前线粒体数量和功能的神经机制
- 批准号:
9086440 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 32.15万 - 项目类别:
The multiple roles of mitochondria in synaptic transmission
线粒体在突触传递中的多重作用
- 批准号:
8311739 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 32.15万 - 项目类别:
Neuronal mechanisms controlling number and function of presynaptic mitochondria
控制突触前线粒体数量和功能的神经机制
- 批准号:
8734486 - 财政年份:2008
- 资助金额:
$ 32.15万 - 项目类别:
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