The Study of Muscle and Physical Performance in African Caribbeans.

非洲加勒比海地区肌肉和身体表现的研究。

• 批准号: 10337382
• 负责人: Adam J Santanasto
• 金额: $ 61万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2026-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10337382
• 关键词: Address; Admixture; Adult; Aerobic; Africa; African; African American population; African Caribbean; African ancestry; Age; Aging; Biological Assay; Black race; Body Composition; Body fat; Body measure procedure; Caribbean region; Caucasians; Clinical; Connective Tissue; Creatine; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry; Elderly; European; Exercise; Exercise Tolerance; Family history of; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Foundations; Funding; Future; Genetic; Geographic Locations; Habits; Health; Health Care Costs; Healthcare; Hypertension; Immigrant; Impairment; Individual; Infiltration; Institutionalization; Insulin Resistance; Investigation; Island; Lead; Life Style; Longevity; Measures; Metabolism; Methods; Muscle; Muscle Weakness; Muscular Atrophy; Obesity; Out-Migrations; Outcome; Oxides; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phenotype; Physical Function; Physical Performance; Population; Population Research; Predisposition; Premature Mortality; Prevention; Public Health; Quality of life; Research; Risk Factors; Skeletal Muscle; Testing; Thinness; Time; Tobago; United States National Institutes of Health; Walking; Water; Woman; age related; age-related muscle loss; aged; cohort; design; disability; epidemiology study; high risk; improved; interest; men; mortality; muscle form; muscle strength; novel; oxidation; prevent; protective factors; recruit; reduced muscle mass; reduced muscle strength; retention rate; standard measure

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Declines in physical function with aging are an enormous clinical and public health problem that lead to increased disability, institutionalization, health care costs, lower quality of life and premature mortality. The burden of physical limitations and disability is higher in African compared with Caucasian individuals. Compounding the issue, older African Ancestry populations represent a rapidly growing segment of the population, especially outside the USA. For example, the number of individuals aged ≥60 in the Caribbean is expected to increase from 59 to 196 million by 2050. Black immigrants from the Caribbean differ from U.S. born African Americans and Black immigrants from Africa in rates of high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity. These differences may be due in part to the greater Caucasian European Admixture (~25%) in African Americans compared with African Caribbeans (~6%). Yet, despite the clear scientific premise and need – there are no studies specifically designed to thoroughly examine physical function in African Caribbeans. Over the past 20 years, we have been studying a large cohort of African Caribbean men and women from Tobago in whom we have extensive measures of lifestyle habits, family and medical history, body composition, and biospecimens. We found that African Caribbeans have more lean mass (estimated muscle mass), but weaker muscle strength and higher levels of muscle fat than US adults. We have also discovered that changes in fat mass, but not lean mass, are important for future walking ability. However, many important gaps remain, and it is critical to expand measures of physical performance in this cohort. Therefore, we are proposing to address these gaps in the field by directly measuring skeletal muscle mass (d3 creatine dilution [D3Cr]) and performing deeper phenotyping of physical performance measures at each level in the disablement pathway to gain a comprehensive understanding of physical performance in this unique cohort of 1700 African Caribbeans. Aim 1 will use a wealth of existing data to test the hypothesis that both risk and protective factors more pronounced in African Caribbeans – specifically higher genetic African admixture, diabetes, and muscle fat infiltration - will be associated with changes in physical function with aging. Aims 2 and 3 will focus on new measures of body composition and physical performance that we are proposing to collect to test the hypotheses that: 1) lower muscle mass and greater muscle fat infiltration will be related to greater fatigability and worse physical performance, and 2) that poorer fat oxidation during walking will be associated with greater total fat and muscle fat, as well as greater fatigability and worse physical performance. Successful completion of these aims will provide the first direct assessment of skeletal muscle mass and comprehensive investigation of physical performance in African Caribbeans, a vastly under- studied, but rapidly growing population and lay the foundation for future investigations. These data can be harnessed in future efforts to improve, prevention, and treatment of age-related declines in physical performance.

项目概要/摘要 随着年龄的增长，身体机能下降是一个巨大的临床和公共卫生问题，导致 残疾、收容、医疗保健费用、生活质量下降和过早死亡。的负担 与白人相比，非洲人的身体限制和残疾程度更高。复合化 问题，老年非洲裔人口占人口的快速增长部分，特别是 美国境外。例如，加勒比地区 60 岁以上的人口数量预计将从 到 2050 年，这一数字将达到 59 至 1.96 亿。来自加勒比地区的黑人移民与美国出生的非裔美国人不同， 来自非洲的黑人移民的高血压、糖尿病和肥胖率。这些差异可能是 部分原因是，与非洲裔美国人相比，非洲裔美国人中有更多的高加索欧洲混血（~25%） 加勒比海地区（~6%）。然而，尽管有明确的科学前提和需求，但还没有专门设计的研究 彻底检查非洲加勒比地区的身体机能。 20年来，我们一直在研究 一大群来自多巴哥的非洲加勒比男女，我们对他们采取了广泛的措施 生活习惯、家族史和病史、身体成分和生物样本。我们发现非洲 加勒比海人的瘦体重（估计肌肉质量）较多，但肌肉力量较弱，肌肉水平较高 肌肉脂肪含量高于美国成年人。我们还发现，脂肪量的变化（而非瘦肉量的变化）很重要 为了将来的行走能力。然而，许多重要差距仍然存在，扩大物理措施至关重要 在这个队列中的表现。因此，我们建议通过直接测量来解决该领域的这些差距 骨骼肌质量（d3 肌酸稀释 [D3Cr]）并对身体表现进行更深入的表型分析 残疾途径中各个级别的措施，以获得对身体状况的全面了解 在这个由 1700 名非洲加勒比人组成的独特群体中的表现。目标 1 将使用大量现有数据来测试 假设风险和保护因素在非洲加勒比地区更为明显——特别是更高 遗传非洲混合物、糖尿病和肌肉脂肪浸润——将与身体的变化有关 具有抗衰老功能。目标 2 和 3 将重点关注身体成分和身体表现的新衡量标准 我们建议收集这些数据来测试以下假设：1）较低的肌肉质量和较高的肌肉脂肪 渗透将与更大的疲劳性和更差的身体表现有关，并且2）脂肪氧化更差 步行期间会导致总脂肪和肌肉脂肪增加，并且容易疲劳，甚至更糟 身体表现。成功完成这些目标将为骨骼提供首次直接评估 非洲加勒比地区的肌肉质量和身体表现的综合调查，这是一个远远不够的 研究过，但人口增长迅速，为今后的调查奠定基础。这些数据可以是 在未来的努力中加以利用，以改善、预防和治疗与年龄相关的身体机能下降。