Understanding Harmful Alcohol Use in Context: Utility of Dynamic Assessment of Behavioral Economic Risk Factors

了解有害饮酒的背景：行为经济风险因素动态评估的效用

• 批准号: 10350781
• 负责人: Jillian Marie Rung
• 金额: $ 12.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-01 至 2022-08-26
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10350781
• 关键词: Adult; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Behavior; Behavior assessment; Cessation of life; Clinical; Communities; Complement; Development; Drug usage; Ecological momentary assessment; Ensure; Environment; Etiology; Faculty; Florida; Funding; Future; Goals; Health; Heavy Drinking; Home; Individual; Institution; Intervention; Intervention Studies; Knowledge; Laboratories; Maintenance; Measures; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Nature; Observational Study; Outcome; Participant; Pathology; Patient Self-Report; Phase; Play; Population; Positioning Attribute; Process; Recovery; Research; Research Activity; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Social outcome; Time; Training; Training Activity; Translational Research; Translations; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Visit; Weight; Wrist; addiction; alcohol abuse therapy; alcohol and other drug; alcohol intervention; alcohol measurement; alcohol reward; alcohol risk; alcohol use disorder; base; behavioral economics; career development; community based research; discounting; drinking; drinking onset; effective intervention; efficacy evaluation; experience; experimental study; health economics; insight; mortality; novel; predictive test; preference; reduced alcohol use; reinforcer; sensor; skill acquisition; skills; substance use; success; temporal measurement; theories; therapy development; trait; translational impact; translational scientist; volunteer

PROJECT SUMMARY Excessive alcohol use and alcohol use disorder (AUD) remain prevalent in the United States, with the mortality rate associated with alcohol use increasing. Despite ongoing developments, many existing treatments for harmful alcohol use and AUD have only modest effects. There is a clear need for more effective intervention strategies, which could be informed by theoretically-driven etiological research on alcohol use and recovery in individuals’ natural environments. Behavioral economics suggests two candidate processes that harmful alcohol use may occur through: rapid devaluation of future outcomes (delay discounting, DD); and over- valuation of alcohol (reinforcing value, defined as demand or preference for alcohol). While researchers are currently equipped with methods to manipulate these processes, the changes they produce are ephemeral; and the majority of evidence suggesting DD, and to a lesser extent alcohol value, play an etiological role in substance use are from trait levels of these measures. The scientific goals of this K99/R00 are to determine the predictive utility of state-level measures of delay discounting (Aim 1) and alcohol value (Aim 2) for real-time alcohol use in the field during maintenance of harmful alcohol use (Study 1; K99); and to subsequently determine whether these findings generalize to natural recovery from AUD (Study 2, Aim 3; R00). Participants will be community-dwelling adults engaging in excessive alcohol use (Study 1; N = 64), and those who have recently recovered from AUD without intervention (Study 2; N = 64). Participants in both studies will be in the age range at which excessive drinking and onset of AUD peak (21-35 years old). In both Studies 1 and 2, participants will complete baseline sessions, a 21-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) period, and an end-of-study visit. EMAs will be randomly delivered throughout the day to assess DD and measures of alcohol value. During the EMA period, alcohol use will be both objectively measured using transdermal alcohol sensors and by self-report. The knowledge gained through these aims will guide the development of more effective interventions for excessive alcohol use and AUD by testing the predictive utility of theoretically- grounded processes; and complement the candidate’s basic laboratory expertise in behavioral economics. Research and training activities will be completed at the University of Florida, which is home to the Center for Behavioral Economic Health Research, multiple NIH-funded addiction-related research centers, and extensive career development opportunities. A strong mentoring team of AUD experts will guide the candidate’s development of skills to conduct field-based research using technologically-advanced assessment methods in populations with excessive alcohol use and AUD; an enhanced understanding of behavioral economics as applied to AUD; and additional time to establish herself in the field as an alcohol researcher. Ultimately, this training will ensure the candidate’s success in obtaining a faculty position in a research-focused institution and confer the skills and knowledge needed to substantively contribute to reducing harmful alcohol use and AUD.

项目摘要 在美国，过度使用酒精饮酒和饮酒障碍（AUD）仍然普遍存在 与饮酒有关的速率增加。尽管有持续的发展，但许多现有的治疗方法 有害饮酒和AUD只有适度的影响。显然需要更有效的干预 策略，可以通过理论上驱动的关于酒精使用和恢复的病因研究来告知 个人的自然环境。行为经济学提出了两个有害的候选过程 可以通过以下方式进行酒精使用：快速定义未来的结果（延迟打折，DD）；和过度 酒精的价值（加强价值，定义为需求或对酒精的偏爱）。虽然研究人员是 目前配备了操纵这些过程的方法，它们产生的变化是短暂的。 以及大多数证据表明DD以及较小的酒精价值在 物质使用来自这些措施的特征水平。该K99/R00的科学目标是确定 实时延迟折现（AIM 1）和酒精价值（AIM 2）的州级措施的预测效用 在维持有害饮酒期间，该领域的饮酒（研究1; K99）；然后 确定这些发现是否概括为自然恢复（研究2，AIM 3; R00）。参与者 将是社区居住的成年人，从事过多的酒精使用（研究1; n = 64），以及那些 最近在没有干预的情况下从AUD中恢复了（研究2； n = 64）。两项研究的参与者将在 年龄范围过多的饮酒和Aud Peak（21-35岁）的年龄范围。在这两个研究1和2中， 参与者将完成基线会议，21天的生态瞬时评估（EMA）期，并且 研究结束。 EMA将全天随机交付，以评估DD和 酒精价值。在EMA期间，使用透皮酒精会客观地测量酒精饮酒 传感器和通过自我报告。通过这些目标获得的知识将指导更多 通过测试理论的预测效用，有效地干预饮酒和AUD 扎根的过程；并补充候选人在行为经济学方面的基本实验室专业知识。 研究和培训活动将在佛罗里达大学完成，该大学是该中心的所在地 行为经济健康研究，多个由NIH资助的成瘾有关的研究中心以及广泛的 职业发展机会。一支强大的心理专家团队将指导候选人的 开发技能，使用技术进化的评估方法进行基于现场的研究 过量使用和aud的人群；对行为经济学的增强理解 应用于AUD；以及作为酒精研究人员在该领域建立自己的额外时间。最终，这个 培训将确保候选人在以研究为中心的机构中获得教职员工的成功，并 授予实质性地减少有害饮酒和AUD所需的技能和知识。