权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Decoding parametric attributes of auditory working memories from human brain activity

从人脑活动中解码听觉工作记忆的参数属性

基本信息

批准号：
10350627
负责人：
Jyrki Ahveninen
金额：
$ 60万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-03-01 至 2025-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10350627
关键词：
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Auditory Auditory area Biological Markers Brain Brain region Central Auditory Processing Disorder Cognition Communication Data Disease Dyslexia Electroencephalography Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Hearing Hearing problem Human Impairment Individual Intervention Laboratory Animals Language Machine Learning Magnetic Resonance Imaging Maintenance Measurement Memory Memory impairment Methods Modeling Motor Neurons Operative Surgical Procedures Output Patients Pattern Perceptual Disorders Population Principal Component Analysis Problem Solving Reading Research Schizophrenia Sensory Short-Term Memory Signal Transduction Source Speech Perception Stimulus Synapses Techniques Testing Transcranial magnetic stimulation base cognitive function cortex mapping electric field experimental study frontal lobe multimodal neuroimaging neuroimaging operation programs semantic processing sound tool vocalization

项目摘要

Decoding parametric attributes of auditory working memories from human brain activity Auditory working memory (WM) refers to our capacity to maintain and manipulate relevant sound information to support communication and problem solving. Auditory WM dysfunctions are evidenced in individuals with speech perception disorders, language and reading impairments, and other disorders involving dysfunction of auditory cognition, such as central auditory processing disorders (CAPD). Better understanding of auditory WM would help develop more precise biomarkers and targeted interventions for these deficits. Evidence for neuronal activation related to auditory WM patterns have been found in laboratory animals as well as in non- invasive human neuroimaging studies, both in auditory cortices (AC) and elsewhere in the brain. Recent human fMRI data also provide some evidence on item-specific activation patterns in ACs and frontal cortices. However, exactly where in the brain auditory WM content is stored and, more importantly, how the memorized information is represented is still unclear. This research program pursues a better understanding of human auditory WM by attempting to infer its contents from the brain: Using state-of-the-art non-invasive neuroimaging and advanced signal-analysis methods we will search for cortical activation patterns that would predict item-specific WM information. We will examine brain function non-invasively with magneto- and electroencephalography (MEG/EEG), transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and functional MRI (fMRI), and validate the findings using intracranial EEG (iEEG) measurements in presurgical patients. Recent studies suggest that, instead of persistent activation patterns, WM is supported by short-term synaptic facilitation, i.e., "activity-silent" population-level mechanisms. We hypothesize that these activity-silent representations could be decoded by analyzing the aftereffects of generic auditory "impulse stimuli" or TMS, which are utilized to "ping" the underlying cortical network during memory maintenance. We also hypothesize that although auditory WM likely involves co-operation of multiple brain regions, which are involved in articulatory-motor functions, perceptual categorization, or semantic processing, the retention of auditory-sensory attributes such as spectrotemporal modulation patterns critically depends on ACs. To examine WM of such auditory attributes, we will use tasks with dynamic ripple sound stimuli, which are spectrotemporally similar to human vocalizations but resist non-auditory processing strategies. The major significance of this project is that it will increase the understanding of auditory WM, a crucial cognitive function whose neuronal bases have remained elusive. The results may also help develop more precise tools for characterizing auditory WM dysfunctions in hearing and communication deficits as well as in disorders such as dyslexia, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and schizophrenia.

从人脑活动中解码听觉工作记忆的参数属性听觉工作记忆（WM）是指我们维持和操纵相关声音信息的能力支持沟通和解决问题。听觉 WM 功能障碍在患有以下疾病的个体中得到证实言语感知障碍、语言和阅读障碍以及其他涉及功能障碍的疾病听觉认知，例如中枢听觉处理障碍（CAPD）。更好地理解听觉 WM 将有助于开发更精确的生物标志物和针对这些缺陷的有针对性的干预措施。证据在实验动物和非实验动物中都发现了与听觉 WM 模式相关的神经元激活。听觉皮层（AC）和大脑其他部位的侵入性人类神经影像研究。最近的人类功能磁共振成像数据还提供了一些关于 AC 和额叶皮质中项目特异性激活模式的证据。然而，听觉 WM 内容到底存储在大脑的什么位置，更重要的是，如何记忆这些内容？所代表的信息仍不清楚。该研究项目旨在通过尝试推断来更好地理解人类听觉 WM 来自大脑的内容：使用最先进的非侵入性神经成像和先进的信号分析我们将搜索皮层激活模式来预测特定项目的 WM 信息。我们将通过脑磁图和脑电图 (MEG/EEG)、经颅脑电图非侵入性检查脑功能磁刺激 (TMS) 和功能性 MRI (fMRI)，并使用颅内脑电图 (iEEG) 验证结果术前患者的测量。最近的研究表明，不是持续的激活模式， WM 受到短期突触促进的支持，即“活动沉默”群体水平机制。我们假设这些活动沉默的表示可以通过分析通用的后遗症来解码听觉“脉冲刺激”或 TMS，用于在记忆过程中“ping”底层皮质网络维护。我们还假设，虽然听觉 WM 可能涉及多个大脑的合作涉及发音运动功能、知觉分类或语义处理的区域，听觉感官属性（例如频谱时间调制模式）的保留关键取决于空调。为了检查此类听觉属性的 WM，我们将使用具有动态波纹声音刺激的任务，该任务在频谱上与人类发声相似，但抵制非听觉处理策略。这个项目的主要意义在于它将增加对听觉WM的理解，听觉WM是一个至关重要的领域。认知功能的神经元基础仍然难以捉摸。结果还可能有助于开发更多用于表征听力和沟通缺陷以及听力障碍中的听觉 WM 功能障碍的精确工具阅读障碍、注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 和精神分裂症等疾病。