Dynamic imaging of oscillatory brain networks controlling selective attention

控制选择性注意的振荡脑网络的动态成像

• 批准号: 7781077
• 负责人: Jyrki Ahveninen
• 金额: $ 49.77万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-01-06 至 2013-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7781077
• 关键词: Area; Area Analyses; Attention; Auditory; Auditory area; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Cognition; Cognitive; Conflict (Psychology); Cortical Synchronization; Coupling; Cues; Data; Detection; Disease; Distant; Electroencephalography; Etiology; Event-Related Potentials; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Human; Image; Imaging Techniques; Inferior; Investigation; Life; Location; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetoencephalography; Measures; Medial; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Motor Cortex; Neurons; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Participant; Pattern; Phase; Physiological; Play; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Relative (related person); Research; Resolution; Resource Allocation; Resources; Role; Sensory; Sound Localization; Source; Spottings; System; Task Performances; Techniques; Testing; Time; Work; auditory pathway; cognitive control; conflict resolution; environmental change; frontal lobe; imaging modality; information processing; insight; programs; public health relevance; response; selective attention; sound; spatiotemporal

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Attention and cognitive control refer to brain processes that guide behavior in accordance of our plans, goals, and changing environmental demands. In our everyday life, we constantly need a capacity to allocate attentional resources for resolving conflicts between competing sensory inputs and, whenever necessary, to flexibly shift attention to an alternative source of information. This research program uses an advanced combination of brain imaging methods to investigate how neurons in different areas of the human brain work together to enable conflict monitoring, resource allocation, and attention shifting during auditory information processing. To construct a physiologically plausible model of these functions, we will investigate interactions between neuron groups from distant brain areas by analyzing collective synchronous activation patterns referred to as neuronal oscillations. Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and magnetoencephalography (MEG) studies have produced valuable information about spatial vs. temporal vs. spectral aspects of brain activations during tasks requiring attention and cognitive control. However, in most previous studies, these different methods have been used separately, which has resulted in compromises between spatial and temporal/spectral resolution. Therefore, we will utilize our spatiotemporal brain imaging technique that combines spectrally and temporally precise MEG/EEG, spatially accurate fMRI, and high-resolution anatomical MRI information to measure brain activity during auditory task performance. We will apply the resulting data to identify a network of brain regions contributing to attention and cognitive control, which is expected to encompass prefrontal, medial frontal, and posterior parietal areas as well as sensory and motor cortices. In addition to providing unique information on the relative timing of activations, our approach allows us to determine oscillatory time-frequency representations (TFR) and phase-locking values (PLV) between the regional activations in the cortical "source space", which is a considerable advancement in comparison to previous methods. Our specific goal is to determine how different brain areas work together to resolve conflicts across competing auditory inputs (Aim 1) and to flexibly shift between sources of information (Aim 2). Our spectral spatiotemporal brain imaging approach will allow us to characterize how the spatially distributed prefrontal and parietal areas cooperate via oscillatory interactions to enable attention and cognitive control. This research could help achieve a system-level understanding of attention and cognitive control in the auditory domain, and also reveal new insights on the role of neuronal oscillations in human cognition. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: We will use advanced brain imaging methods to investigate how neurons in different brain areas work together to enable attention and cognitive control during auditory information processing. Our results may also support investigation of disorders with abnormal cognitive control functions.

描述（由申请人提供）：注意和认知控制是指根据我们的计划、目标和不断变化的环境要求指导行为的大脑过程。在我们的日常生活中，我们不断需要一种分配注意力资源的能力，以解决竞争感官输入之间的冲突，并在必要时灵活地将注意力转移到另一个信息来源。本研究项目采用先进的脑成像方法组合来研究人类大脑不同区域的神经元如何协同工作，从而在听觉信息处理过程中实现冲突监测、资源分配和注意力转移。为了构建一个生理上合理的这些功能模型，我们将通过分析被称为神经元振荡的集体同步激活模式来研究来自遥远大脑区域的神经元组之间的相互作用。先前的功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）、脑电图（EEG）和脑磁图（MEG）研究已经产生了关于在需要注意力和认知控制的任务中大脑激活的空间、时间和频谱方面的有价值的信息。然而，在以往的大多数研究中，这些不同的方法都是单独使用的，这导致了空间和时间/光谱分辨率之间的妥协。因此，我们将利用我们的时空脑成像技术，结合频谱和时间精确的MEG/EEG，空间精确的fMRI和高分辨率解剖MRI信息来测量听觉任务执行期间的大脑活动。我们将应用结果数据来识别有助于注意力和认知控制的大脑区域网络，预计包括前额叶、内侧额叶和后顶叶区域以及感觉和运动皮质。除了提供有关激活相对时间的独特信息外，我们的方法还允许我们确定皮层“源空间”区域激活之间的振荡时频表示（TFR）和锁相值（PLV），这与以前的方法相比是一个相当大的进步。我们的具体目标是确定不同的大脑区域如何协同工作，以解决竞争性听觉输入（目标1）之间的冲突，并灵活地在信息源之间转换（目标2）。我们的光谱时空脑成像方法将使我们能够描述空间分布的前额叶和顶叶区域如何通过振荡相互作用进行合作，从而实现注意力和认知控制。这项研究有助于在系统层面上理解听觉领域的注意力和认知控制，也揭示了神经元振荡在人类认知中的作用。