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Interactions between goals, attention, and memory in younger and older adults

年轻人和老年人的目标、注意力和记忆之间的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
10375176
负责人：
Kevin Paul Madore
金额：
$ 3.43万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-08-01 至 2022-01-24
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10375176
关键词：
Address Adopted Adult Affect Age Aging Anterior Area Attention Behavior Biological Assay Brain Code Cognition Cognitive aging Data Detection Elderly Electroencephalography Episodic memory Event Familiarity Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Inferior frontal gyrus Investigation Knowledge Lead Left Life Link Lobule Maintenance Medial Memory Memory Loss Methodology Methods Modeling Multimodal Imaging Neurocognitive Neurologic Neurosciences Research Parietal Process Public Health Readiness Research Retrieval Role Scholarship Scientific Advances and Accomplishments Short-Term Memory Signal Transduction Source Specific qualifier value Techniques Temporal Lobe Variant Visual attention Work age effect age group age related angular gyrus attentional control attentional modulation base blood oxygen level dependent cognitive control cognitive neuroscience daily functioning design experimental study functional magnetic resonance imaging/electroencephalography indexing inferior frontal sulcus insight intraparietal sulcus memory retrieval programs relating to nervous system success theories tool young adult

项目摘要

Project Summary/Abstract Representation of task goals is a critical component of episodic memory retrieval, and yet little is known about the neural coding of mnemonic goals and their potential modulation by attentional preparedness in the context of remembering at the trial level in young adults or in older adults. This topic is particularly important to address in the context of aging because older adulthood is characterized by changes in control and attention that have the potential to affect neural coding of goals and attentional preparedness during retrieval. These components are underexplored in cognitive neuroscience research even though they are key predictors of age-related daily functioning and neurological decline. Motivated by theories of cognitive aging and extant data on shifts in control strategies, fluctuations in dynamic attention, and dedifferentiation of task states in frontoparietal brain networks at the trial level as a function of age, the proposed research program will leverage multivariate decoding analyses and concurrent task-based electroencephalography-functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI) in two experiments using sensitive source memory tasks to address fundamental and as yet unresolved questions regarding age-related changes in goal representations, attentional preparedness, and brain computations and EEG oscillations that underlie these processes during memory retrieval. Each experiment will integrate within- and between-age analytics so that older adult data are not entirely dependent on young adult data. Aim 1 will delineate how hierarchical domain-general and domain-specific goal representations are computed in frontoparietal networks and relate to medial temporal lobe (MTL) mechanisms of remembering and behaviors (e.g., retrieval success in terms of hits vs. correct rejections) by implementing an experimental manipulation of mnemonic goal processing, and multivariate decoding analyses, in younger and older adults. This experiment will optimize the design and power of Aim 2, though the methods and findings of each aim can function separately. By indexing attentional preparedness via variations in EEG pre- trial alpha and peri-trial theta power, Aim 2 will specify how an experimental manipulation that modulates attentional preparedness before a goal is processed relates to univariate blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal in frontoparietal networks, multivariate decoding of goal and retrieval success representations, and behaviors in young and older adults. The aims have the potential to uncover new insights into how age- related changes in neural coding of goals and attentional preparedness affect retrieval. The experiments will leverage sophisticated empirical tools to advance new knowledge that has implications for scientific scholarship and public health. The scope of the investigation on goal processing, attention, and memory, and their interaction, will (a) advance scientific knowledge related to theories and critically underexplored topics in the cognitive neuroscience of aging and memory, and (b) better public health in terms of characterizing age- related changes in neurocognitive processes that affect cognition and behavior in everyday life.

项目概要/摘要任务目标的表示是情景记忆检索的关键组成部分，但人们对它知之甚少助记目标的神经编码及其在上下文中注意力准备的潜在调节年轻人或老年人在试验水平上的记忆。这个话题对于解决这个问题特别重要在老龄化的背景下，因为老年期的特点是控制力和注意力的变化，影响检索过程中目标的神经编码和注意力准备的潜力。这些组件尽管它们是与年龄相关的日常的关键预测因子，但在认知神经科学研究中尚未得到充分探索功能和神经功能衰退。受认知老化理论和现有变化数据的推动控制策略、动态注意力的波动以及额顶叶任务状态的去分化试验水平上的网络作为年龄的函数，拟议的研究计划将利用多变量解码分析和基于并发任务的脑电图功能磁共振成像（EEG-fMRI）在两个实验中使用敏感的源记忆任务来解决基本问题和迄今为止的问题有关目标表征、注意力准备和年龄相关变化的未解决问题记忆检索期间这些过程背后的大脑计算和脑电图振荡。每个实验将整合年龄内和年龄间分析，以便老年人数据不完全依赖关于年轻人的数据。目标 1 将描述一般领域目标和特定领域目标如何分层表征在额顶网络中计算并与内侧颞叶 (MTL) 机制相关通过实施来评估记忆和行为（例如，检索成功率，即命中率与正确拒绝率）对年轻人的助记目标处理和多元解码分析的实验操作和老年人。该实验将通过方法和方法优化 Aim 2 的设计和性能。每个目标的发现可以单独发挥作用。通过脑电图前的变化来索引注意力准备情况试验 alpha 和围试验 theta 功率，目标 2 将指定如何调节实验操作处理目标之前的注意力准备与单变量血氧水平相关（粗体）额顶网络中的信号，目标和检索成功表示的多元解码，以及年轻人和老年人的行为。这些目标有可能揭示关于年龄如何变化的新见解。目标神经编码和注意力准备的相关变化会影响检索。实验将利用复杂的经验工具来推进对科学具有影响的新知识学术和公共卫生。目标处理、注意力和记忆的调查范围，以及他们的相互作用，将（a）推进与理论和严重未充分探索的主题相关的科学知识衰老和记忆的认知神经科学，以及（b）在表征年龄方面改善公共卫生影响日常生活中认知和行为的神经认知过程的相关变化。