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Genetics and Pathobiology of Disorders of Keratinization

角化疾病的遗传学和病理学

基本信息

批准号：
10371176
负责人：
KEITH A CHOATE
金额：
$ 52.29万
依托单位：
YALE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-08-03 至 2026-04-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10371176
关键词：
Affect Area Artificial skin Biochemical Biological Biological Assay Biology Bulla CRISPR/Cas technology Cells Chemicals Childhood Clinical Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats Complex Cutaneous Data Dermatology Disease Enrollment Epidermis Epithelial Etiology Fissural Foundations Funding Future Generations Genes Genetic Genetic Determinism Genetic study Heat Losses Hereditary Disease Heritability Heterogeneity Ichthyosis Vulgaris In Vitro Individual Infant Infection Investigation Knock-in Knock-out Life Mechanics Medical Records Metabolic Modeling Molecular Morbidity - disease rate Mutation Normal tissue morphology Onset of illness Palmoplantar Keratosis Pathogenesis Pathogenicity Pathway interactions Patients Phenotype Physicians Physiology Population Predisposition Process Proteins Public Health Rare Diseases Reflex action Research Resources Site Skin Surface Technology Tissues Transgenic Organisms Variant Water Work X-Linked Ichthyosis assault cohort comorbidity conditional mutant cost disease phenotype disorders of keratinization exome sequencing experience experimental study gain of function gene discovery gene function genetic disorder diagnosis genetically modified cells genome editing genome sequencing in vivo Model indexing insight keratinocyte kindred loss of function mortality mouse model mutation screening next generation sequencing novel novel strategies pachyonychia congenita prevent reconstitution recruit screening panel self-renewal skin disorder targeted treatment treatment response viral gene delivery

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY: Disorders of keratinization (DOK) are severe, rare genetic skin disorders in which the central barrier function of the skin is disrupted and a compensatory pathway of hyper-proliferation is activated in either a localized area or throughout the entire skin surface. This results in a grossly compromised epidermis that fails to adequately protect against bacterial, chemical, and mechanical assault or to prevent transepidermal water loss. In early life, the consequences of these disorders can be life-threatening, with increased susceptibility to infection due to blistering and fissures, dramatically increased metabolic demands due to evaporative heat loss and increased epidermal turnover rate, and various associated comorbid conditions and systemic abnormalities which can persist throughout life. We and others have identified over 70 diverse genes for these disorders, yet clinical experience and our data show that these genes explain only a portion of heritability for DOK, which demonstrate marked locus and phenotypic heterogeneity, with greater than 15% of subjects without mutation in known genes. In the last funding period, we identified five new genes for DOK, provided evidence for phenotypic expansion in two others, and identified a novel pathogenesis-directed therapy for one disorder. We now propose to expand our large cohort of well-phenotyped DOK kindreds, to screen for mutations in known causative genes, and to employ exome and genome sequencing in those subjects without mutation in known DOK genes to discover novel genetic causes of these disorders. We will employ patient-derived cells and tissue to interrogate the function of identified novel genes, and will generate transgenic skin equivalents to study and prove pathogenesis of identified mutations. For a limited number of novel genes not previously implicated in DOK, we will generate mouse models using CRISPR technology to further examine the effect of identified mutations on cutaneous function. These studies will continue to identify molecular pathways central to the complex processes of epidermal differentiation and self-renewal, and will provide critical context for more detailed future biologic studies.

项目总结: